ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2015
Association between Inflammation and Biological Variation in Hemoglobin A1c in U.S. Nondiabetic Adults.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Hemoglobin Glycation Index and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All Cause Mortality in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Implications of the Hemoglobin Glycation Index on the Diagnosis of Prediabetes and Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Trial
- Differences Between Glycemia Estimates from Hemoglobin A1c and Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Their Association with Complete Blood Counts.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Clinical insights on "Association between hemoglobin glycation index and carotid plaques in non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study".International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Sex-specific in the nonlinear associations of hemoglobin glycation index and all-cause mortality in the general US adult population: results from NHANES 1999-2018.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- The Predictive Value of Hemoglobin Glycation Index and Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential Among AMI Patients-A Prospective Registry Study.Journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- Association between hemoglobin glycation index and carotid plaques in non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Hemoglobin glycation index and mortality risk in severe community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Hemoglobin glycation index and prognosis after successful chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association of hemoglobin glycation index with the severity and mortality of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a population-based cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2025Article
- A glucose time in range of 70% attenuates the senescence-inducing and pro-inflammatory effects of hyperglycemia.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Association of hemoglobin glycation index with frailty and all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Hemoglobin glycation index can be used as a predictor of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes: a cohort study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
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- Impact of Hemoglobin Glycation Index on Complications Following Orthopedic Surgery: A Retrospective Comparative Propensity Score-Matched Study.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Article
- Association of hemoglobin glycation index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes and comorbid cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Inflammatory Markers NLR, PLR, IL-6, and HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital Based Study.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2025Article
- The hemoglobin glycation index stratifies heart failure phenotypes and in-hospital risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Meta-inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: unveiling the role of aberrant CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextInflammation is associated with higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Whether the relationship is independent of blood glucose concentration remains unclear.
objectiveThe hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) was used to test the hypothesis that interindividual variation in HbA1c is associated with inflammation.
participantsThis study used nondiabetic adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2008).
main outcome measuresA subsample of participants was used to estimate the linear regression relationship between HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Predicted HbA1c were calculated for 7323 nondiabetic participants by inserting FPG into the equation, HbA1c = 0.017 × FPG (mg/dL) + 3.7. HGI was calculated as the difference between the observed and predicted HbA1c and the population was divided into low, moderate, and high HGI subgroups. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), monocytes, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were used as biomarkers of inflammation.
resultsMean HbA1c, CRP, monocyte, and PMNL levels, but not FPG, progressively increased in the low, moderate, and high HGI subgroups. There were disproportionately more Blacks than whites in the high HGI subgroup. CRP (ß, 0.009; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0001-0.017), PMNL (ß, 0.036; 95% CI, 0.010-0.062), and monocyte count (ß, 0.072; 95% CI, 0.041-0.104) were each independent predictors of HGI after adjustment for age, sex, race, triglycerides, hemoglobin level, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width, and obesity status.
conclusionsHGI reflects the effects of inflammation on HbA1c in a nondiabetic population of U.S. adults and may be a marker of risk associated with inflammation independent of FPG, race, and obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.