ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2015
Burden of substance use disorders, mental illness, and correlates of infectious diseases among soon-to-be released prisoners in Azerbaijan.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated settings between 2013-2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV in Central Asia and the Caucasus: A systematic review.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Substance Use During Imprisonment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Epidemiologic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Intimate relationships and patterns of drug and sexual risk behaviors among people who inject drugs in Kazakhstan: A latent class analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Trial
- Depression and anxiety among people living with HIV and key populations at risk for HIV in the Eastern European and Central Asian region: a scoping review.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Substance Use and Misuse among Sexual and Gender Minority Communities Living in Former Soviet Union Countries: A Scoping Review.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2024Article
- Odds of HIV among incarcerated drug users: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Asian countries.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Opioid use and HIV treatment services experiences among male criminal justice-involved persons in South Africa: a qualitative study.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- "Who are You and What are You Doing Here?": Social Capital and Barriers to Movement along the HIV Care Cascade among Tajikistani Migrants with HIV to Russia.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Dyadic analysis of criminal justice involvement and hiv risks among couples who inject drugs and their intimate partners in almaty, kazakhstan.The International journal on drug policy · 2021Article
- Prisons: ignore them at our peril.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2019Review
- Evaluation of HIV risk and outcomes in a nationally representative sample of incarcerated women in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, and Ukraine.AIDS care · 2019Article
- Differences by sex in associations between injection drug risks and drug crime conviction among people who inject drugs in Almaty, Kazakhstan.The International journal on drug policy · 2018Article
- Drug injection within prison in Kyrgyzstan: elevated HIV risk and implications for scaling up opioid agonist treatments.International journal of prisoner health · 2018Article
- Perceptions of Health-Related Community Reentry Challenges among Incarcerated Drug Users in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, and Ukraine.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2018Article
- Attitudes Toward Addiction, Methadone Treatment, and Recovery Among HIV-Infected Ukrainian Prisoners Who Inject Drugs: Incarceration Effects and Exploration of Mediators.AIDS and behavior · 2016Article
- Intersecting epidemics of HIV, HCV, and syphilis among soon-to-be released prisoners in Kyrgyzstan: Implications for prevention and treatment.The International journal on drug policy · 2016Article
- The perfect storm: incarceration and the high-risk environment perpetuating transmission of HIV, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.Lancet (London, England) · 2016Review
- Clinical care of incarcerated people with HIV, viral hepatitis, or tuberculosis.Lancet (London, England) · 2016Review
- The Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Among Prisoners in Kahramanmaras, Turkey.Jundishapur journal of microbiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite low HIV prevalence in the South Caucasus region, transmission is volatile. Little data are available from this region about addiction and infectious diseases among prisoners who transition back to communities.
methodsA nation-wide randomly sampled biobehavioral health survey was conducted in 13 non-specialty Azerbaijani prisons among soon-to-be-released prisoners. After informed consent, participants underwent standardized health assessment surveys and testing for HIV, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis.
resultsOf the 510 participants (mean age = 38.2 years), 11.4% were female, and 31.9% reported pre-incarceration drug injection, primarily of heroin. Prevalence of HCV (38.2%), HIV (3.7%), syphilis (3.7%), and HBV (2.7%) was high. Among the 19 HIV-infected inmates, 14 (73.7%) were aware of their HIV status, 12 (63.2%) were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 5 (26.3%) had CD4 < 350 cells/mL (4 of these were on ART). While drug injection was the most significant independent correlate of HCV (AOR = 12.9; p = 0.001) and a significant correlate of HIV (AOR = 8.2; p = 0.001), both unprotected sex (AOR = 3.31; p = 0.049) and working in Russia/Ukraine (AOR = 4.58; p = 0.008) were also correlated with HIV.
conclusionHIV and HCV epidemics are concentrated among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) in Azerbaijan, and magnified among prisoners. A transitioning HIV epidemic is emerging from migration from high endemic countries and heterosexual risk. The high diagnostic rate and ART coverage among Azerbaijani prisoners provides new evidence that HIV treatment as prevention in former Soviet Union (FSU) countries is attainable, and provides new insights for HCV diagnosis and treatment as new medications become available. Within prison evidence-based addiction treatments with linkage to community care are urgently needed.
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