SynthesisMedicine2015
Association between anti-TNF therapy for rheumatoid arthritis and hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prescribing Trend of Antirheumatic Drugs in Taiwan and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nationwide Cohort Study.BioMed research international · 2019Trial
- Molecular and Cellular Underpinnings of Primary Hypertension: An Integrative Mechanistic Framework.Journal of cellular physiology · 2026Review
- Potential role of the spleen in the development of arterial hypertension in humans.Journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- The Cardiovascular Safety of Tumour Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Arthritic Conditions: A Structured Review with Recommendations.Rheumatology and therapy · 2025Review
- Resistant Hypertension: A Brief Review of Pathophysiology.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Review
- Augmentation of Nitric Oxide Deficient Hypertension by High Salt Diet Is Associated With Reduced TNF-α Receptor Type 1 Expression in the Kidneys.American journal of hypertension · 2024Article
- Immune and inflammatory mechanisms in hypertension.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Hypertension in connective tissue disease.Journal of human hypertension · 2024Review
- The Influence of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis on the Occurrence of Arterial Hypertension: An 8-Year Prospective Clinical Observational Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- A new immune disease: systemic hypertension.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Review
- Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Development of Atherosclerosis: A Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Accelerated Atherosclerosis, New Biomarkers, and the Effects of Biological Therapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Responses to Ang II (Angiotensin II), Salt Intake, and Lipopolysaccharide Reveal the Diverse Actions of TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) on Blood Pressure and Renal Function.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2022Review
- Association of blood pressure and hypertension with radiographic damage among the patients with ankyloing spondylitis.Medicine · 2022Article
- The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Associated Factors (TRAFs) in Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Therapeutic targeting of inflammation in hypertension: from novel mechanisms to translational perspective.Cardiovascular research · 2021Review
- Ischemic Heart Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis-Two Conditions, the Same Background.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Monitoring and Managing Cardiovascular Risk in Immune Mediated Inflammatory Diseases.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Review
- Psoriasis and Cardiometabolic Diseases: The Impact of Inflammation on Vascular Health.Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Review
- Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug Use and Association With Incident Hypertension in Ankylosing Spondylitis.Arthritis care & research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is an important and pleiotropic cytokine which is also involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and RA treated with anti-TNF agents with a subsequent increase in hypertension risk is also observed in clinical trials. However, it is confusing that to what extent treatment with anti-TNF agents for RA might be associated with increasing risk of hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the overall incidence and risk of hypertension in RA patients who receive anti-TNF agents. The databases of Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registration Web site were searched for relevant trials. Statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the overall incidence, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by using either random-effects or fixed-effect models according to the heterogeneity of the included studies. A total of 6321 subjects with RA from 11 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis. The overall incidence of hypertension associated with anti-TNF agent was 3.25% (95% CI: 1.51%-6.89%). The use of anti-TNF agent significantly increased the risk of developing hypertension (OR = 1.8896, 95% CI: 1.35-2.65). Sensitivity analysis showed that the OR between anti-TNF therapy and controls is not significantly influenced by omitting any single study. No evidence of publication bias was observed. Anti-TNF therapy is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing hypertension in patients with RA. Physicians should be aware of this risk and provide continuing monitoring in patients receiving these therapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.