ReviewNutrients2015
The health impact of nighttime eating: old and new perspectives.
Review in Nutrients, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meal time and meal regularity: is it associated with pediatric obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Pooled it
- Temporal Eating Patterns and Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions for night eating syndrome in adults.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- The association between later eating rhythm and adiposity in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Neither pre-sleep nor post-exercise protein consumption influences resistance exercise training adaptations in older adults.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Impact of high energy oral nutritional supplements consumed in the late afternoon on appetite, energy intake and cardio-metabolic risk factors in females with lower BMI.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Trial
- Muscle-Related Effect of Whey Protein and Vitamin DNutrients · 2022Trial
- New perspectives for investigating muscular perfusion response after dietary supplement intake: an exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in healthy young athletes using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2022Trial
- Pre-Sleep Consumption of Casein and Whey Protein: Effects on Morning Metabolism and Resistance Exercise Performance in Active Women.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Daytime and nighttime casein supplements similarly increase muscle size and strength in response to resistance training earlier in the day: a preliminary investigation.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Decoding of Nocturnal Fasting and Health: Possible Role of Zeitgebers and Melatonin.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Review
- The interplay of night eating syndrome with resting metabolic rate, anthropometric measures, and sleep quality in normal-weight female university students: a case-control study.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Bilateral internal carotid artery dissection in a specific unbalanced diet: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2026Article
- Food-Specific Morning and Night Intake Scores Are Associated with Impaired Glucose Tolerance during Pregnancy.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- The role of irregular eating behaviors in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: evidence from a multicenter cross-sectional study in China.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Early meal timing attenuates high polygenic risk of obesity.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- A qualitative study of safety and human factors challenges in process control rooms operators.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Time-restricted eating and cancer: lessons learned and considerations for a path forward.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nighttime eating, particularly before bed, has received considerable attention. Limiting and/or avoiding food before nighttime sleep has been proposed as both a weight loss strategy and approach to improve health and body composition. Indeed, negative outcomes have been demonstrated in response to large mixed meals in populations that consume a majority of their daily food intake during the night. However, data is beginning to mount to suggest that negative outcomes may not be consistent when the food choice is small, nutrient-dense, low energy foods and/or single macronutrients rather than large mixed-meals. From this perspective, it appears that a bedtime supply of nutrients can promote positive physiological changes in healthy populations. In addition, when nighttime feeding is combined with exercise training, any adverse effects appear to be eliminated in obese populations. Lastly, in Type I diabetics and those with glycogen storage disease, eating before bed is essential for survival. Nevertheless, nighttime consumption of small (~150 kcals) single nutrients or mixed-meals does not appear to be harmful and may be beneficial for muscle protein synthesis and cardiometabolic health. Future research is warranted to elucidate potential applications of nighttime feeding alone and in combination with exercise in various populations of health and disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.