Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25859176›Full record

ArticleTobacco induced diseases2015

Effectiveness of smoking reduction intervention for hardcore smokers.

Tai Hing Lam, Yee Tak Derek Cheung, Doris Yin Ping Leung, Abu Saleh M Abdullah, Sophia Siu Chee Chan

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03800719 (Personalized Support Using Instant Messaging Applications to Increase Smoking Cessation in Smokers Proactively Recruited From Smoking Hotspots in Hong Kong), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03800719 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Personalized Support Using Instant Messaging Applications to Increase Smoking Cessation in Smokers Proactively Recruited From Smoking Hotspots in Hong Kong: a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe University of Hong KongRan2018 to 2020Enrolled696ConditionsSmoking CessationArmsAWARD advice, Health warning leaflet, Active referral to smoking cessation (SC) services, Regular messages through Instant Messaging (IM), Psychosocial support and referral to SC services through IM
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Smoking reduction interventions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Tai Hing LamSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Yee Tak Derek CheungSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Doris Yin Ping LeungThe Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Abu Saleh M AbdullahGlobal Health Program, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China ; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC USA ; Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, USA.
Sophia Siu Chee ChanSchool of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Funding

Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR001079 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$60.1M
Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchKL2TR001077 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$9.2M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001077NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001079
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe prevalence and correlates of hardcore smokers, who have high daily cigarette consumption, no quitting history and no intention to quit, have been studied in several western developed countries, but no previous trials of smoking cessation have tested intervention effectiveness for these smokers. The current study examined if hardcore smokers can benefit from smoking reduction intervention to achieve cessation, and explored the underlying reasons.

methodsA posteriori analysis was conducted on data from a randomized controlled trial of smoking reduction intervention on 1,154 smokers who did not want to quit. Odds ratios of 7-day point prevalence of abstinence, smoking reduction by at least 50% and quit attempt at the 6-month follow-up comparing subgroups of smokers were analyzed.

resultsIn hardcore smokers, the odds ratio comparing the quit rate between the intervention and control group was 4.18 (95% CI: 0.51-34.65), which was greater than non-hardcore smokers (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.98-2.54). The number needed to treat for hardcore and non-hardcore smokers was 8.33 (95% CI: 5.56-16.67) and 16.67 (95% CI: 8.33-233.64), respectively. In smokers who did not have quit attempt experience and those who smoked more than 15 cigarettes daily, the odds ratio comparing intervention and control group was 3.29 (95% CI: 0.72-14.98) and 1.36 (95% CI: 0.78-2.36), respectively.

conclusionsThe a posteriori analysis provided pilot results that smoking reduction intervention may be effective to help hardcore smokers to quit and reduce smoking. Having no previous quit attempt was identified as more important than having large cigarette consumption in explaining the greater effectiveness of the intervention.

Indexed as

Cigarette consumptionHardcoreQuit attemptSmoking cessationSmoking reduction

Identifiers

PMID25859176
PMCPMC4391680

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.