ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2015
The Diversity of Meningococcal Carriage Across the African Meningitis Belt and the Impact of Vaccination With a Group A Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Serogroup-specific meningococcal carriage by age group: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2019Pooled it
- Meningococcal carriage by age in the African meningitis belt: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Pooled it
- Persistence of immunity after vaccination with a capsular group B meningococcal vaccine in 3 different toddler schedules.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2017Trial
- Pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria species in the African meningitis belt.The Journal of infection · 2016Trial
- Review
- Profile of bacterial meningitis pathogens circulating in a cohort of school children in Côte d'Ivoire using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Meningococcal Outbreaks in Tertiary Education Settings in the United Kingdom: Lessons from the 2026 Kent Cluster for Surveillance, Vaccination Policy, and Institutional Preparedness in Sub-Saharan Africa-A Narrative Review.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- Epidemiological characteristics of invasive meningococcal disease and carriage prevalence ofPeerJ · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of the oropharyngeal microbiome in a cohort of Ivorian school children.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Prevalence and Characteristics of Carriage ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Main Clinical and Laboratory Features of Children with Bacterial Meningitis: Experience from a Tertiary Paediatric Centre in Central Vietnam.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Toward Establishing Integrated, Comprehensive, and Sustainable Meningitis Surveillance in Africa to Better Inform Vaccination Strategies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Is Associated With Increased Meningococcal Carriage Acquisition Among First-year Students in 2 South African Universities.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- The Epidemiology of Meningococcal Disease and Carriage, Genotypic Characteristics and Antibiotic Resistance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Meningococcal carriage 7 years after introduction of a serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine in Burkina Faso: results from four cross-sectional carriage surveys.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Molecular insights into meningococcal carriage isolates from Burkina Faso 7 years after introduction of a serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine.Microbial genomics · 2020Article
- Herd Protection against Meningococcal Disease through Vaccination.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Vaccines against Meningococcal Diseases.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudy of meningococcal carriage is essential to understanding the epidemiology of Neisseria meningitidis infection.
methodsTwenty cross-sectional carriage surveys were conducted in 7 countries in the African meningitis belt; 5 surveys were conducted after introduction of a new serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac). Pharyngeal swab specimens were collected, and Neisseria species were identified by microbiological and molecular techniques.
resultsA total of 1687 of 48 490 participants (3.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2%-3.6%) carried meningococci. Carriage was more frequent in individuals aged 5-14 years, relative to those aged 15-29 years (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% CI, 1.25-1.60); in males, relative to females (adjusted OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.24); in individuals in rural areas, relative to those in urban areas (adjusted OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.28-1.63); and in the dry season, relative to the rainy season (adjusted OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.37-1.75). Forty-eight percent of isolates had genes encoding disease-associated polysaccharide capsules; genogroup W predominated, and genogroup A was rare. Strain diversity was lower in countries in the center of the meningitis belt than in Senegal or Ethiopia. The prevalence of genogroup A fell from 0.7% to 0.02% in Chad following mass vaccination with MenAfriVac.
conclusionsThe prevalence of meningococcal carriage in the African meningitis belt is lower than in industrialized countries and is very diverse and dynamic, even in the absence of vaccination.
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