Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25858805›Full record

ReviewCancer cell2015

Macrophages and therapeutic resistance in cancer.

Brian Ruffell, Lisa M Coussens

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer cell, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 938 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
938citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

938 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Necroptosis in pancreatic cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026
    Review
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878 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Brian RuffellDepartment of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97034.
Lisa M CoussensDepartment of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97034. Electronic address: coussenl@ohsu.edu.

Funding

Leukocyte Biomarkers for Predicting Human Breast Cancer OutcomesU54CA163123 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI COUSSENS, LISA M., DALDRUP-LINK, HEIKE ELIZABETH · 2011 to 2015
$2.0M
Regulating the Immune Microenvironment in Breast CancerR01CA155331 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI COUSSENS, LISA M. · 2011 to 2015
$1.6M
Regulating Intratumoral Leukocytes to Improve Response to ChemotherapyR00CA185325 · NCI · H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST · PI RUFFELL, BRIAN · 2015 to 2017
$752k
NCI NIH HHS R00 CA185325NCI NIH HHS R01 CA155331NCI NIH HHS U54 CA163123
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

How neoplastic cells respond to therapy is not solely dependent on the complexity of the genomic aberrations they harbor but is also regulated by numerous dynamic properties of the tumor microenvironment. Identifying and targeting critical pathways that improve therapeutic efficacy by bolstering anti-tumor immune responses holds great potential for improving outcomes and impacting long-term patient survival. Macrophages are key regulators of homeostatic tissue and tumor microenvironments. Therefore, therapeutics impacting macrophage presence and/or bioactivity have shown promise in preclinical models and are now being evaluated in the clinic. This review discusses the molecular/cellular pathways identified so far whereby macrophages mediate therapeutic responses.

Indexed as

Tumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsDrug Resistance, NeoplasmHumansImmunity, CellularImmunotherapyMacrophagesMiceModels, ImmunologicalNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasmsNeovascularization, Pathologic

Identifiers

PMID25858805
PMCPMC4400235

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.