ReviewCancer cell2015
Immune checkpoint blockade: a common denominator approach to cancer therapy.
Review in Cancer cell, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2,425 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase I-II Study of Intratumoral Urelumab Combined With Nivolumab in Patients With Solid Tumors
Lenvatinib Combined Pembrolizumab as a Second-line Treatment in Advanced Hepatobiliary Tumors: a Single-center, Single-arm, Non-randomized Clinical Study
Axitinib Plus Toripalimab as Second-line Treatment in Hepatobiliary Malignant Tumors: a Single-arm, Non-randomized, Single-center Phase II Trial
Regorafenib Combined With PD-1 Inhibitor Therapy for Second-line Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single Arm, Nonrandomized, Single Center Clinical Study
Who cites it
2,425 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 4,168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combination therapy as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Research landscape, thematic evolution, and translational insights of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: a bibliometric analysis (2006-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The diagnostic and prognostic potential of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for thyroid cancer: a systematic review.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Pooled it
- Randomized clinical efficacy and safety study of peltopepimut-S plus cemiplimab compared to cemiplimab alone in patients with recurrent/metastatic HPV16-positive head and neck cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- The PD-L1-mTOR intersection in tumor migration and invasion.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Revisiting Ehrlich carcinoma in the era of precision oncology: bridging classical models with modern systems biology.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- CD112 Lactylation Drives Dual Immune Evasion From CD8+ T Cells and NK Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The Imbalance Between Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tumor Immune Escape in Glioblastoma.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- High ZFP36 Family Expression in Exhausted T Cells Is Associated With Impaired Antitumor Effector Function.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Localized immunotherapy via dissolving microneedles for the prevention of breast cancer recurrence.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Shaoyao Decoction Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Progression by Targeting PD-L1 to Reprogram the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Simultaneous targeting of IL-10 and PD-(L)1 pathways with a bispecific anti-PD-L1/IL-10-trap antibody enhances T cell responses.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Dendritic cell PD-L2 restrains intratumoral CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Interpreting vaccine-associated survival differences in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Association Between Biopsy PD-L1 Combined Positive Score and Pathological Upgrading at Radical Prostatectomy in Grade Group 1 Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Current therapeutic interventions to target cancer stem cells for metastasis.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- GPI: A pan-cancer biomarker integrating genetic alterations, immune infiltration, and therapeutic response prediction.Global medical genetics · 2026Article
- Balancing Oncological Care and Quality of Life: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies for Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage Are Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Patients Receiving PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors: A Prospective Exploratory Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- cGAS-STING pathway activation drives the cold-to-hot tumor transition and sensitizes immunotherapy.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
2,365 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immune system recognizes and is poised to eliminate cancer but is held in check by inhibitory receptors and ligands. These immune checkpoint pathways, which normally maintain self-tolerance and limit collateral tissue damage during anti-microbial immune responses, can be co-opted by cancer to evade immune destruction. Drugs interrupting immune checkpoints, such as anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and others in early development, can unleash anti-tumor immunity and mediate durable cancer regressions. The complex biology of immune checkpoint pathways still contains many mysteries, and the full activity spectrum of checkpoint-blocking drugs, used alone or in combination, is currently the subject of intense study.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.