SynthesisPloS one2015
Strategies for tobacco control in India: a systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between the price and demand of alcohol, tobacco, unhealthy food, sugar-sweetened beverages, and gambling: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of Common Mental Disorders in South Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- The efficacy of smoking cessation interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Prevalence, determinants, and perceptions of tobacco use among male college students in Puducherry: a mixed-methods study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- A qualitative study on tobacco- use associated behavior and major influencing factors among youths from indigenous communities of Odisha, India.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Infection among Children Under 5 Years in India: Results from 2019 to 2021 National Family Health Survey.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring the Determinants of Tobacco Usage Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Western Maharashtra.Cureus · 2024Article
- Article
- Shifting the gaze on implementation: examining the association between the implementation of tobacco control laws and prevalence of tobacco using data from a nationally representative survey.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Tobacco Endgame: Can India Share the Dream?Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Smoking cessation interventions in South Asian Region: a systematic scoping review.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Association of mass media exposure with combustible and smokeless tobacco use among Indian population: findings from a panel survey.BMC public health · 2022Article
- A public policy analysis with key stakeholders' insights to understand India's compliance with the WHO framework convention on tobacco control.Ecancermedicalscience · 2022Article
- Tobacco Use Pattern, Dependence, Oral Cancer Awareness and Health Education needs Among Urban Slum Dwellers of Jodhpur City.International journal of preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Smoking cessation interventions in South Asian countries: protocol for scoping review.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Tobacco use among urban slum dwellers attending a cancer screening clinic in the National Capital Region of India: a cross-sectional study.Ecancermedicalscience · 2021Article
- Support for smoke-free public places among adults in four countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Social capital and peer influence of tobacco consumption: a cross-sectional study among household heads in rural Uttar Pradesh, India.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Patterns of tobacco and e-cigarette use status in India: a cross-sectional survey of 3000 vapers in eight Indian cities.Harm reduction journal · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTobacco control needs in India are large and complex. Evaluation of outcomes to date has been limited.
aimTo review the extent of tobacco control measures, and the outcomes of associated trialled interventions, in India.
methodsInformation was identified via database searches, journal hand-searches, reference and citation searching, and contact with experts. Studies of any population resident in India were included. Studies where outcomes were not yet available, not directly related to tobacco use, or not specific to India, were excluded. Pre-tested proformas were used for data extraction and quality assessment. Studies with reliability concerns were excluded from some aspects of analysis. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was use as a framework for synthesis. Heterogeneity limited meta-analysis options. Synthesis was therefore predominantly narrative.
resultsAdditional to the Global Tobacco Surveillance System data, 80 studies were identified, 45 without reliability concerns. Most related to education (FCTC Article 12) and tobacco-use cessation (Article 14). They indicated widespread understanding of tobacco-related harm, but less knowledge about specific consequences of use. Healthcare professionals reported low confidence in cessation assistance, in keeping with low levels of training. Training for schoolteachers also appeared suboptimal. Educational and cessation assistance interventions demonstrated positive impact on tobacco use. Studies relating to smoke-free policies (Article 8), tobacco advertisements and availability (Articles 13 and 16) indicated increasingly widespread smoke-free policies, but persistence of high levels of SHS exposure, tobacco promotions and availability-including to minors. Data relating to taxation/pricing and packaging (Articles 6 and 11) were limited. We did not identify any studies of product regulation, alternative employment strategies, or illicit trade (Articles 9, 10, 15 and 17).
conclusionsTobacco-use outcomes could be improved by school/community-based and adult education interventions, and cessation assistance, facilitated by training for health professionals and schoolteachers. Additional tobacco control measures should be assessed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.