ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2015
Effect of Potassium Citrate on Calcium Phosphate Stones in a Model of Hypercalciuria.
Article in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic diagnosis and medical prevention of calcium nephrolithiasis and its systemic manifestations: a consensus statement.Journal of nephrology · 2016Guideline
- Impact of Potassium Citrate vs Citric Acid on Urinary Stone Risk in Calcium Phosphate Stone Formers.The Journal of urology · 2018Trial
- Emerging roles of ATP citrate lyase in kidney diseases: from pathogenic driver to therapeutic target.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Balancing Stone Prevention and Kidney Function: A Therapeutic Dilemma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Mechanistic studies of CaScientific reports · 2025Article
- Potassium Sodium Hydrogen Citrate in Managing Surgical Candidates With Urinary Stones: A Case Series.Cureus · 2025Article
- Fixation of Tripotassium Citrate Flame Retardant Using a Sorbitol and Citric Acid Wood-Modification Treatment.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Current Dietary and Medical Prevention of Renal Calcium Oxalate Stones.International journal of general medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Targeting the Liver with Nucleic Acid Therapeutics for the Treatment of Systemic Diseases of Liver Origin.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Serum and 24-hour urinary tests cost-effectiveness in stone formers.BMC urology · 2023Article
- Urinary stone disease in Syrian children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Kidney Stone Prevention.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Effects of lemon-tomato juice consumption on crystal formation in the urine of patients with calcium oxalate stones: A randomized crossover clinical trial.Current urology · 2023Article
- Atorvastatin Decreases Renal Calcium Oxalate Stone Deposits by Enhancing Renal Osteopontin Expression in Hyperoxaluric Stone-Forming Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Changes in aging-induced kidney dysfunction in mice based on a metabolomics analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Involvement of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Metabolites in Kidney Diseases.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Should pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria be treated with hypocalciuric agents?World journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Kidney stone formation and the gut microbiome are altered by antibiotics in genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats.Urolithiasis · 2021Article
- Chlorthalidone with potassium citrate decreases calcium oxalate stones and increases bone quality in genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats.Kidney international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Potassium citrate is prescribed to decrease stone recurrence in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis. Citrate binds intestinal and urine calcium and increases urine pH. Citrate, metabolized to bicarbonate, should decrease calcium excretion by reducing bone resorption and increasing renal calcium reabsorption. However, citrate binding to intestinal calcium may increase absorption and renal excretion of both phosphate and oxalate. Thus, the effect of potassium citrate on urine calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation and stone formation is complex and difficult to predict. To study the effects of potassium citrate on urine supersaturation and stone formation, we utilized 95th-generation inbred genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming rats. Rats were fed a fixed amount of a normal calcium (1.2%) diet supplemented with potassium citrate or potassium chloride (each 4 mmol/d) for 18 weeks. Urine was collected at 6, 12, and 18 weeks. At 18 weeks, stone formation was visualized by radiography. Urine citrate, phosphate, oxalate, and pH levels were higher and urine calcium level was lower in rats fed potassium citrate. Furthermore, calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation were higher with potassium citrate; however, uric acid supersaturation was lower. Both groups had similar numbers of exclusively calcium phosphate stones. Thus, potassium citrate effectively raises urine citrate levels and lowers urine calcium levels; however, the increases in urine pH, oxalate, and phosphate levels lead to increased calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation. Potassium citrate induces complex changes in urine chemistries and resultant supersaturation, which may not be beneficial in preventing calcium phosphate stone formation.
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