Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25853096›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2015

Approaches to treatment of emerging Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections highlighting the O104:H4 serotype.

Elias A Rahal, Sukayna M Fadlallah, Farah J Nassar, Natalie Kazzi, Ghassan M Matar

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Genomic Markers Distinguishing Shiga Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  3. DiarrheagenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Prevalence and Implications of Shiga Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Pathogenomes of Atypical Non-shigatoxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2020
    Article
  13. Treatment Strategies for Infections With Shiga Toxin-ProducingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020
    Review
  14. Properties of an Antimicrobial Molecule Produced by anAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019
    Article
  15. Anti-biofilm and Antibacterial Activity ofIndian journal of microbiology · 2019
    Article
  16. Management of STEC Gastroenteritis: Is There a Role for Probiotics?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Review
  17. Bacteriophages Reduce PathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2019
    Article
  18. Competition amongVeterinary sciences · 2018
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Elias A RahalDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon.
Sukayna M FadlallahDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon.
Farah J NassarDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon.
Natalie KazziDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon.
Ghassan M MatarDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon.
American University of Beirut · LB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are a group of diarrheagenic bacteria associated with foodborne outbreaks. Infection with these agents may result in grave sequelae that include fatality. A large number of STEC serotypes has been identified to date. E. coli serotype O104:H4 is an emerging pathogen responsible for a 2011 outbreak in Europe that resulted in over 4000 infections and 50 deaths. STEC pathogenicity is highly reliant on the production of one or more Shiga toxins that can inhibit protein synthesis in host cells resulting in a cytotoxicity that may affect various organ systems. Antimicrobials are usually avoided in the treatment of STEC infections since they are believed to induce bacterial cell lysis and the release of stored toxins. Some antimicrobials have also been reported to enhance toxin synthesis and production from these organisms. Various groups have attempted alternative treatment approaches including the administration of toxin-directed antibodies, toxin-adsorbing polymers, probiotic agents and natural remedies. The utility of antibiotics in treating STEC infections has also been reconsidered in recent years with certain modalities showing promise.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntibodiesEscherichia coli InfectionsEuropeHumansProbioticsShiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coliAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibodiesantimicrobial agentshemolytic uremic syndromehemorrhagic colitisShiga toxin 1Shiga toxin 2Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli

Identifiers

PMID25853096
PMCPMC4364364
OpenAlexW2081805489

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.