ReviewFrontiers in immunology2015
Vitamin D Actions on CD4(+) T Cells in Autoimmune Disease.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of cholecalciferol on immune and vascular function in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Sixteen-Week Vitamin DNutrients · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Calcitriol supplementation accelerates the recovery of patients with tuberculosis who have vitamin D deficiency: a randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Effects of vitamin D supplements on frequency of CD4European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- Vitamin D Supplementation Modulates T Cell-Mediated Immunity in Humans: Results from a Randomized Control Trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Trial
- The Interplay of PD-L1, Kynurenine Pathway, and Vitamin D Shapes an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2026Observational
- Article
- Vitamin D dynamics predict treatment response to intravenous glucocorticoids in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Calcitriol and Tacalcitol Modulate Th17 Differentiation Through Osteopontin Receptors: Age-Dependent Insights from a Mouse Breast Cancer Model.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Global Publication Trends and Research Hotspots of the Immune System and Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis from 2012 to 2022.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2024Article
- The Role of Microbiota-Derived Vitamins in Immune Homeostasis and Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2023Review
- Vitamin D, Th17 Lymphocytes, and Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2022Review
- Consideration of possible effects of vitamin D on established cancer, with reference to malignant melanoma.Pigment cell & melanoma research · 2022Review
- Effect of Vitamin D on Graft-versus-Host Disease.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Improving Glucocorticoid Sensitivity of Brain-Homing CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Vitamin D: A Potential Mitigation Tool for the Endemic Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic?Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Foods may modify responsiveness to cancer immune checkpoint blockers by altering both the gut microbiota and activation of estrogen receptors in immune cells.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2022Review
- Can vitamin D status influence seroconversion to SARS-COV2 vaccines?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Vitamin D deficiency is associated with thyroid autoimmunity: results from an epidemiological survey in Tianjin, China.Endocrine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review summarizes and integrates research on vitamin D and CD4(+) T-lymphocyte biology to develop new mechanistic insights into the molecular etiology of autoimmune disease. A deep understanding of molecular mechanisms relevant to gene-environment interactions is needed to deliver etiology-based autoimmune disease prevention and treatment strategies. Evidence linking sunlight, vitamin D, and the risk of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes is summarized to develop the thesis that vitamin D is the environmental factor that most strongly influences autoimmune disease development. Evidence for CD4(+) T-cell involvement in autoimmune disease pathogenesis and for paracrine calcitriol signaling to CD4(+) T lymphocytes is summarized to support the thesis that calcitriol is sunlight's main protective signal transducer in autoimmune disease risk. Animal modeling and human mechanistic data are summarized to support the view that vitamin D probably influences thymic negative selection, effector Th1 and Th17 pathogenesis and responsiveness to extrinsic cell death signals, FoxP3(+)CD4(+) T-regulatory cell and CD4(+) T-regulatory cell type 1 (Tr1) cell functions, and a Th1-Tr1 switch. The proposed Th1-Tr1 switch appears to bridge two stable, self-reinforcing immune states, pro- and anti-inflammatory, each with a characteristic gene regulatory network. The bi-stable switch would enable T cells to integrate signals from pathogens, hormones, cell-cell interactions, and soluble mediators and respond in a biologically appropriate manner. Finally, unanswered questions and potentially informative future research directions are highlighted to speed delivery of etiology-based strategies to reduce autoimmune disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.