ReviewMedical microbiology and immunology2015
Immunoregulatory cytokine networks: 60 years of learning from murine cytomegalovirus.
Review in Medical microbiology and immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- An activatingScience immunology · 2025Article
- Primordial Cells Bridging the Gap Between Innate and Adaptive Immunity.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- A biomathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Memory inflation: Beyond the acute phase of viral infection.Cell proliferation · 2024Review
- The TNFα/TNFR2 axis mediates natural killer cell proliferation by promoting aerobic glycolysis.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Article
- Direct antigen presentation is the canonical pathway of cytomegalovirus CD8 T-cell priming regulated by balanced immune evasion ensuring a strong antiviral response.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Metabolism of NK cells during viral infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Howard A. Young's 4 Decades in Science: More Than Just Experiments.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2022Article
- Ly49E separates liver ILC1s into embryo-derived and postnatal subsets with different functions.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2022Article
- Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation represses the early immune response against murine cytomegalovirus but enhances NK cell effector function.BMC immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- β2-adrenergic signals downregulate the innate immune response and reduce host resistance to viral infection.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2020Article
- Review
- MHC Class II Antigen Presentation by the Intestinal Epithelium Initiates Graft-versus-Host Disease and Is Influenced by the Microbiota.Immunity · 2019Article
- Key features and homing properties of NK cells in the liver are shaped by activated iNKT cells.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- KLF12 Regulates Mouse NK Cell Proliferation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Role of antibodies in confining cytomegalovirus after reactivation from latency: three decades' résumé.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2019Review
- Article
- Host Genetics of Cytomegalovirus Pathogenesis.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- Cytokine-Mediated Induction and Regulation of Tissue Damage During Cytomegalovirus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Innate immunity defends against infection but also mediates immunoregulatory effects shaping innate and adaptive responses. Studies of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infections have helped elucidate the mechanisms inducing, as well as the elicited soluble and cellular networks contributing to, innate immunity. Specialized receptors are engaged by infection-induced structures to stimulate production of key innate cytokines. These then stimulate cytokine and cellular responses such as activation of natural killer (NK) cells to mediate elevated killing by type 1 interferon (IFN) and/or to produce the pro-inflammatory and antiviral cytokine IFN-γ by interleukin 12 (IL-12). An inter-systemic loop, with IL-6 inducing glucocorticoid release, negatively regulates these early cytokine responses. As infections advance into periods of overlapping innate and adaptive responses, however, the cells are intrinsically conditioned to modify the biological effects of exposure to individual cytokines. Some pathways are turned off to inhibit an existing, whereas others are broadened for acquisition of a new, response function. Remarkably, extended NK cell proliferation during MCMV infection is associated with epigenetic modifications shifting the state of the inhibitory cytokine IL-10 gene from closed to open and results in their becoming equipped to produce this cytokine. When induced, NK cell IL-10 negatively regulates the magnitude of adaptive responses to protect against immune pathology. Thus, innate immunoregulatory cytokine networks are integral to pro-inflammatory and defense functions, but responding cells have the flexibility to undergo cell intrinsic conditioning with changing network characteristics to result in a new negative immunoregulatory function, and consequently, both promote beneficial and limit detrimental immune responses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.