ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2015
Multi-muscle coordination during a challenging stance.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effects of gait training using powered lower limb exoskeleton robot on individuals with complete spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2018Trial
- Effect of Experimental Pain Induced by Electrical Stimulation on Static and Dynamic Balance Test Results.Cureus · 2025Article
- Muscle synergies for the control of single-limb stance with and without visual information in young individuals.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Standing task difficulty related increase in agonist-agonist and agonist-antagonist common inputs are driven by corticospinal and subcortical inputs respectively.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to identify the muscle synergies during standing under various sensory contexts in healthy young adults.
methodsSixteen healthy young adults participated in this study. The 4-min stance task was conducted under vision (eyes open or eyes closed) and proprioception (standing on ground or narrowed blocks) manipulated contexts. Electromyography (EMG) of 8 muscles around the right side of the trunk and leg were recorded and submitted to principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the muscle synergies. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was employed to test the effect of sensory contexts on the muscle synergies.
resultsPCA extracted three muscle synergies that accounted for the variance of standing EMG, including the push-back (composed of medial gastrocnemius, vastus medialis and biceps femoris), push-forward (composed of tibialis anterior and rectus femoris) and proximal mixed (composed of rectus abdominis, rector spinae, rectus femoris and biceps femoris) synergies. Block-standing increased the contribution of the push-back synergy while decreased the contribution of the push-forward synergy. In addition, contribution of the proximal mixed synergy was higher under ground-standing with eyes open than under block-standing with eyes open.
conclusionThree muscle synergies were identified during standing in healthy young adults, and the synergies were affected by proprioception but not visual disturbance. The push-back and push-forward synergies showed the opposite response to proprioceptive disturbance, which may result from their antagonism role. Whether this control regime is used for elderly adults or patient populations with movement disorder needs to be further investigated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.