Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25848982›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2015

Mammary gland tumor promotion by chronic administration of IGF1 and the insulin analogue AspB10 in the p53R270H/⁺WAPCre mouse model.

Bas ter Braak, Christine Siezen, Ewoud N Speksnijder, Esmee Koedoot, Harry van Steeg, Daniela C F Salvatori, Bob van de Water, Jan Willem van der Laan

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Insulin, insulin receptors, and cancer.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2016
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Bas ter Braak
Christine Siezen
Ewoud N Speksnijder
Esmee Koedoot
Harry van Steeg
Daniela C F Salvatori
Bob van de Water
Jan Willem van der Laan
Leiden University · NLMedicines Evaluation Board · NLCentre for Human Drug Research · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionInsulin analogues are structurally modified molecules with altered pharmaco-kinetic and -dynamic properties compared to regular human insulin used by diabetic patients. While these compounds are tested for undesired mitogenic effects, an epidemiological discussion is ongoing regarding an association between insulin analogue therapy and increased cancer incidence, including breast cancer. Standard in vivo rodent carcinogenesis assays do not pick up this possible increased carcinogenic potential.

methodsHere we studied the role of insulin analogues in breast cancer development. For this we used the human relevant mammary gland specific p53R270H/⁺WAPCre mouse model. Animals received life long repeated treatment with four different insulin (-like) molecules: normal insulin, insulin glargine, insulin X10 (AspB10) or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1).

resultsInsulin-like molecules with strong mitogenic signaling, insulin X10 and IGF1, significantly decreased the time for tumor development. Yet, insulin glargine and normal insulin, did not significantly decrease the latency time for (mammary gland) tumor development. The majority of tumors had an epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenotype (EMT), irrespective of treatment condition. Enhanced extracellular signaling related kinase (Erk) or serine/threonine kinase (Akt) mitogenic signaling was in particular present in tumors from the insulin X10 and IGF1 treatment groups.

conclusionsThese data indicate that insulin-like molecules with enhanced mitogenic signaling increase the risk of breast cancer development. Moreover, the use of a tissue specific cancer model, like the p53R270H/⁺WAPCre mouse model, is relevant to assess the intrinsic pro-carcinogenic potential of mitogenic and non-mitogenic biologicals such as insulin analogues.

Indexed as

AnimalsBody WeightCell Transformation, NeoplasticCluster AnalysisEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesFemaleGene Expression ProfilingInsulinInsulin-Like Growth Factor IMammary Neoplasms, AnimalMiceMice, TransgenicMilk ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktReceptor, IGF Type 1Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesInsulinInsulin-Like Growth Factor IMilk ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktReceptor, IGF Type 1Receptor, InsulinTumor Suppressor Protein p53whey acidic proteins

Identifiers

PMID25848982
PMCPMC4349771
OpenAlexW2134234715

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.