Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25848399›Full record

ArticleInternational breastfeeding journal2015

Mouse models of mastitis - how physiological are they?

Wendy V Ingman, Danielle J Glynn, Mark R Hutchinson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International breastfeeding journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Article
  13. Phage vB_PaeS-PAJD-1 Rescues Murine Mastitis Infected With Multidrug-ResistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Article
  14. Biological Characteristics and Pathogenicity ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Mucosal Immunity and Liver Metabolism in the Complex Condition of Lactation Insufficiency.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2020
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Wendy V IngmanDiscipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, Australia ; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Danielle J GlynnDiscipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, Australia ; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Mark R HutchinsonDiscipline Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
University of Adelaide · AUQueen Elizabeth Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lactation mastitis is a common, but poorly understood, inflammatory breast disease that is a significant health burden. A better understanding of the aetiology of mastitis is urgently required, and will assist in the development of improved prevention and treatment strategies in both human and animal species. Studies in mice have the potential to greatly assist in identifying new drug candidates for clinical trials, and in developing a better understanding of the disease. Mouse models of mastitis involve administration of a mastitis-inducing agent to the mammary gland usually during lactation to examine the host immune response, and progression through to resolution of the disease. There are important variations in the protocols of these mouse models that critically affect the conclusions that can be drawn from the research. Some protocols involve weaning of offspring at the time of mastitis induction, and there are variations in the mastitis-inducing agent and its carrier. Induction of mammary gland involution through weaning of offspring limits the capacity to study the disease in the context of a lactating mammary gland. Administration of live bacteria in an aqueous carrier can cause sepsis, restricting the physiological relevance of the model. Mouse model research should employ appropriately designed controls and closely monitor the health of the mice. In this commentary, we discuss the advantages and study design limitations of each mouse model, and highlight the potential for further development of physiologically relevant mouse models of mastitis.

Indexed as

InfectionInflammationInvolutionMammary glandMastitisMouse models

Identifiers

PMID25848399
PMCPMC4386103
OpenAlexW2007096176

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.