Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25844997›Full record

SynthesisAnnals of internal medicine2015

Efficacy of commercial weight-loss programs: an updated systematic review.

Kimberly A Gudzune, Ruchi S Doshi, Ambereen K Mehta, Zoobia W Chaudhry, David K Jacobs, Rachit M Vakil, Clare J Lee, Sara N Bleich, Jeanne M Clark

Erratum issued Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Annals of internal medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT03157713 (Financial Incentive Strategies for Weight Loss in Obese Patients Living in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Neighborhoods), which is not on this map. Cited by 159 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
159citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03157713 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Financial Incentive Strategies for Weight Loss in Obese Patients Living in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Neighborhoods

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, Los AngelesRan2017 to 2021Enrolled668ConditionsObeseArmsGoal-Directed Financial Incentives, Enhanced Usual Care, Outcome-based Financial Incentives
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

159 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Effects of total diet replacement programs on mental well-being: A systematic review with meta-analyses.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2022
    Pooled it
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  8. Guideline
  9. Pooled it
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  12. Trial
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  17. Evaluation of an Interactive Web-Based Health Program for Weight Loss-A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Trial
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  20. Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Obese Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Trial

99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kimberly A Gudzune
Ruchi S Doshi
Ambereen K Mehta
Zoobia W Chaudhry
David K Jacobs
Rachit M Vakil
Clare J Lee
Sara N Bleich
Jeanne M Clark

Funding

JHU-UMD Diabetes Research CenterP30DK079637 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI WONDISFORD, FREDRIC E. · 2013 to 2017
$9.7M
Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchKL2TR001077 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$9.2M
Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchTL1TR001078 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$1.9M
Reducing obesity among public housing residents: an ecological approachK23HL116601 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI GUDZUNE, KIMBERLY ANNE · 2013 to 2017
$778k
Racial Disparities in Physician Practice Patterns and Self-Management of ObesityK01HL096409 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI BLEICH, SARA NAOMI · 2009 to 2013
$699k
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001077NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR001078NHLBI NIH HHS 1K01HL096409NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL096409NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL116601NHLBI NIH HHS K23HL116601NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK079637NIDDK NIH HHS P30DK079637
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCommercial and proprietary weight-loss programs are popular obesity treatment options, but their efficacy is unclear. PURPOSE: To compare weight loss, adherence, and harms of commercial or proprietary weight-loss programs versus control/education (no intervention, printed materials only, health education curriculum, or <3 sessions with a provider) or behavioral counseling among overweight and obese adults. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to November 2014; references identified by program staff. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) of at least 12 weeks' duration; prospective case series of at least 12 months' duration (harms only). DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers extracted information on study design, population characteristics, interventions, and mean percentage of weight change and assessed risk of bias. DATA SYNTHESIS: We included 45 studies, 39 of which were RCTs. At 12 months, Weight Watchers participants achieved at least 2.6% greater weight loss than those assigned to control/education. Jenny Craig resulted in at least 4.9% greater weight loss at 12 months than control/education and counseling. Nutrisystem resulted in at least 3.8% greater weight loss at 3 months than control/education and counseling. Very-low-calorie programs (Health Management Resources, Medifast, and OPTIFAST) resulted in at least 4.0% greater short-term weight loss than counseling, but some attenuation of effect occurred beyond 6 months when reported. Atkins resulted in 0.1% to 2.9% greater weight loss at 12 months than counseling. Results for SlimFast were mixed. We found limited evidence to evaluate adherence or harms for all programs and weight outcomes for other commercial programs. LIMITATION: Many trials were short (<12 months), had high attrition, and lacked blinding.

conclusionClinicians could consider referring overweight or obese patients to Weight Watchers or Jenny Craig. Other popular programs, such as Nutrisystem, show promising weight-loss results; however, additional studies evaluating long-term outcomes are needed. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None. ( PROSPERO: CRD4201-4007155).

Indexed as

Weight LossCaloric RestrictionCounselingDiet, ReducingHumansObesityPatient CompliancePatient Education as TopicTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID25844997
PMCPMC4446719

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.