ArticleMethods (San Diego, Calif.)2015
Long term perfusion system supporting adipogenesis.
Article in Methods (San Diego, Calif.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adipose Tissue Engineering Biomaterials: Smart Scaffolds, Vascularization, and Clinical Frontiers.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Unilocular adipocyte and lipid tracer for immunofluorescent images.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- ECM-mimicking hydrogel models of human adipose tissue identify deregulated lipid metabolism in the prostate cancer-adipocyte crosstalk under antiandrogen therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Plasma membrane remodeling determines adipocyte expansion and mechanical adaptability.Nature communications · 2024Article
- A Preliminary Study on Factors That Drive Patient Variability in Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues.Cells · 2024Article
- Optimization and validation of a fat-on-a-chip model for non-invasive therapeutic drug discovery.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Emerging technologies in adipose tissue research.Adipocyte · 2023Review
- A biomimetic chip to assess subcutaneous bioavailability of monoclonal antibodies in humans.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Fluid flow to mimic organ function in 3DAPL bioengineering · 2023Review
- Development of a More Environmentally Friendly Silk Fibroin Scaffold for Soft Tissue Applications.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
- Three-Dimensional Humanized Model of the Periodontal Gingival Pocket to Study Oral Microbiome.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Fiber-Based Biopolymer Processing as a Route toward Sustainability.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2022Review
- Engineering a 3D Vascularized Adipose Tissue Construct Using a Decellularized Lung Matrix.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Towards an Insulin Resistant Adipose Model on a Chip.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2021Article
- A 3D human adipose tissue model within a microfluidic device.Lab on a chip · 2021Article
- The Materiobiology of Silk: Exploring the Biophysical Influence of Silk Biomaterials on Directing Cellular Behaviors.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Fat-On-A-Chip Models for Research and Discovery in Obesity and Its Metabolic Comorbidities.Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews · 2020Review
- Silk-based microcarriers: current developments and future perspectives.IET nanobiotechnology · 2020Review
- WAT-on-a-chip integrating human mature white adipocytes for mechanistic research and pharmaceutical applications.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Human Adipose Derived Cells in Two- and Three-Dimensional Cultures: Functional Validation of an In Vitro Fat Construct.Stem cells international · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Adipose tissue engineered models are needed to enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms and for soft tissue regenerative strategies. Perfusion systems generate more physiologically relevant and sustainable adipose tissue models, however adipocytes have unique properties that make culturing them in a perfusion environment challenging. In this paper we describe the methods involved in the development of two perfusion culture systems (2D and 3D) to test their applicability for long term in vitro adipogenic cultures. It was hypothesized that a silk protein biomaterial scaffold would provide a 3D framework, in combination with perfusion flow, to generate a more physiologically relevant sustainable adipose tissue engineered model than 2D cell culture. Consistent with other studies evaluating 2D and 3D culture systems for adipogenesis we found that both systems successfully model adipogenesis, however 3D culture systems were more robust, providing the mechanical structure required to contain the large, fragile adipocytes that were lost in 2D perfused culture systems. 3D perfusion also stimulated greater lipogenesis and lipolysis and resulted in decreased secretion of LDH compared to 2D perfusion. Regardless of culture configuration (2D or 3D) greater glycerol was secreted with the increased nutritional supply provided by perfusion of fresh media. These results are promising for adipose tissue engineering applications including long term cultures for studying disease mechanisms and regenerative approaches, where both acute (days to weeks) and chronic (weeks to months) cultivation are critical for useful insight.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.