Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25837711›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Validation of the German Version of the Social Functioning Scale (SFS) for schizophrenia.

Jona R Iffland, Denise Lockhofen, Harald Gruppe, Bernd Gallhofer, Gebhard Sammer, Bernd Hanewald

Open access · goldAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Affective lability and social functioning in severe mental disorders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jona R IfflandCognitive NeuroScience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Denise LockhofenCognitive NeuroScience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Harald GruppeCognitive NeuroScience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Bernd GallhoferCognitive NeuroScience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Gebhard SammerCognitive NeuroScience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Bernd HanewaldCognitive NeuroScience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
University of Giessen · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deficits in social functioning are a core symptom of schizophrenia and an important criterion for evaluating the success of treatment. However, there is little agreement regarding its measurement. A common, often cited instrument for assessing self-reported social functioning is the Social Functioning Scale (SFS). The study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the German translation. 101 patients suffering from schizophrenia (SZ) and 101 matched controls (C) (60 male / 41 female, 35.8 years in both groups) completed the German version. In addition, demographic, clinical, and functional data were collected. Internal consistency was investigated calculating Cronbach's alpha for SFS full scale (α: .81) and all subscales (α: .59-.88). Significant bivariate correlation coefficients were found between all subscales as well as between all subscales and full scale (p <.01). For the total sample, principal component analysis gave evidence to prefer a single-factor solution (eigenvalue ≥ 1) accounting for 48.5 % of the variance. For the subsamples, a two-component solution (SZ; 57.0 %) and a three-component solution (C; 65.6 %) fitted best, respectively. For SZ and C, significant associations were found between SFS and external criteria. The main factor "group" emerged as being significant. C showed higher values on both subscales and full scale. The sensitivity of the SFS was examined using discriminant analysis. 86.5% of the participants could be categorized correctly to their actual group. The German translation of the SFS turned out to be a reliable and valid questionnaire comparable to the original English version. This is in line with Spanish and Norwegian translations of the SFS. Concluding, the German version of the SFS is well suited to become a useful and practicable instrument for the assessment of social functioning in both clinical practice and research. It accomplishes commonly used external assessment scales.

Indexed as

LanguagePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesTranslationsAdultCase-Control StudiesFemaleGermanyHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrincipal Component AnalysisPsychometricsSchizophreniaSocial AdjustmentSocial EnvironmentSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID25837711
PMCPMC4383577
OpenAlexW2076197402

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.