ArticlePatient education and counseling2015
Analysis of threats to research validity introduced by audio recording clinic visits: Selection bias, Hawthorne effect, both, or neither?
Article in Patient education and counseling, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Defining and evaluating the Hawthorne effect in primary care, a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Detecting the effects of physician training in self-care interviewing skills: Coding of standardized patient (SP) visit recordings versus SP post-visit ratings.Patient education and counseling · 2017Trial
- Expectations and communication in opioid pain management: a qualitative study of patients' experience.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Videographic Analysis of an Intervention to Improve Patient-Centered Care for People Living with Type 2 Diabetes: The QBSAFE Randomized Trial.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Planting seeds for seasons ahead: Communication strategies for prognostic disclosure in pediatric neuro-oncology.Neuro-oncology practice · 2026Article
- Geriatric-specific considerations in treatment conversations with older adults with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.Journal of geriatric oncology · 2026Article
- How GPs approach physical activity discussion in routine care: a qualitative study of video-recorded consultations.BJGP open · 2025Article
- Exploring Emotional Communication Between Older Persons and Nursing Assistants in Home Care: A Qualitative Study.International journal of older people nursing · 2025Observational
- Communication of Voice-Related Complications in Thyroidectomy: A Qualitative Analysis.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Discussing Weight in Real World GP Consultations: A Video Recording Analysis Study.Obesity science & practice · 2025Article
- An Observational Study of Dialogue about Uncertainty in Clinician-Family Counseling Conversations Following Prenatal Diagnosis of Complex Congenital Heart Disease.PEC innovation · 2024Article
- What makes a good general practice consultation? An exploratory pilot study with people from a low socioeconomic background.BJGP open · 2024Article
- Parent and oncologist perspectives on prognostic disclosure in advanced childhood cancer: communication pearls and pitfalls.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Article
- Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural community pharmacies: a protocol for a stepped wedge randomized clinical trial.Implementation science : IS · 2023Article
- Pilot test of a multicomponent implementation strategy for equity in advanced heart failure allocation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023Article
- Defining orienting language in the genetic counseling process.Journal of genetic counseling · 2023Article
- What do patients want to know about surgery for low-risk thyroid cancer? A qualitative study.Surgery · 2023Article
- Effects and Working Mechanisms of a Multilevel Implementation Program for Applying Shared Decision-Making while Discussing Systemic Treatment in Breast Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Article
- Systemic Therapy Decision Making in Advanced Cancer: A Qualitative Analysis of Patient-Oncologist Encounters.JCO oncology practice · 2022Article
- The Influence of Emotions on Treatment Decisions About Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer: A Qualitative Study.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo identify factors associated with participant consent to record visits; to estimate effects of recording on patient-clinician interactions.
methodsSecondary analysis of data from a randomized trial studying communication about depression; participants were asked for optional consent to audio record study visits. Multiple logistic regression was used to model likelihood of patient and clinician consent. Multivariable regression and propensity score analyses were used to estimate effects of audio recording on 6 dependent variables: discussion of depressive symptoms, preventive health, and depression diagnosis; depression treatment recommendations; visit length; visit difficulty.
resultsOf 867 visits involving 135 primary care clinicians, 39% were recorded. For clinicians, only working in academic settings (P=0.003) and having worked longer at their current practice (P=0.02) were associated with increased likelihood of consent. For patients, white race (P=0.002) and diabetes (P=0.03) were associated with increased likelihood of consent. Neither multivariable regression nor propensity score analyses revealed any significant effects of recording on the variables examined.
conclusionFew clinician or patient characteristics were significantly associated with consent. Audio recording had no significant effect on any of the 6 dependent variables examined. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Benefits of recording clinic visits likely outweigh the risks of bias in this setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.