ArticleChest2015
Tumor Budding Correlates With the Protumor Immune Microenvironment and Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Recurrence of Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma.
Article in Chest, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor Budding as a Marker for Poor Prognosis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Tumour budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2018Pooled it
- Prognostic significance of tumor budding and residual viable tumor volume in post-neoadjuvant resection specimens of locally advanced cervical cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of tumor budding in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- CDX2 loss in colorectal cancer cells is associated with invasive properties and tumor budding.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neoteric Predictors for Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Tumor Budding and Worst Pattern of Invasion.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2024Article
- Tumor microenvironment characteristics association with clinical outcome in patients with resected intestinal-type gastric cancer.The oncologist · 2024Article
- Study of tumor budding and its association with clinicopathological parameters in breast carcinoma.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2024Article
- Prognostic Value of Tumor Budding for Early Breast Cancer.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Predictive value of tumor budding in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: an update.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Review
- Proposal of a grading system for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung - the prognostic importance of tumour budding, single cell invasion, and nuclear diameter.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Article
- Multiple bronchiolar adenomas/ciliated muconodular papillary tumors of the bilateral lung with tumor budding and potential malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review.Translational lung cancer research · 2023Article
- Relationship between Tumor Budding and Partial Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Head and Neck Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- Article
- Tumor bud-derived CCL5 recruits fibroblasts and promotes colorectal cancer progression via CCR5-SLC25A24 signaling.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Article
- Improving the accuracy of prognosis for clinical stage I solid lung adenocarcinoma by radiomics models covering tumor per se and peritumoral changes on CT.European radiology · 2022Article
- Tumor budding of cervical squamous cell carcinoma: epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like cancer stem cells?PeerJ · 2022Article
- The most effective but largely ignored target for prostate cancer early detection and intervention.Journal of Cancer · 2022Article
- Immune- and Stemness-Related Genes Revealed by Comprehensive Analysis and Validation for Cancer Immunity and Prognosis and Its Nomogram in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Development of a Novel MR Colonography via Iron-Based Solid Lipid Nanoparticles.International journal of nanomedicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune cell infiltration associated with tumor capsule disruption and tumor budding has been shown to reflect invasiveness, metastasis, and unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer. We investigated the influence of tumor budding on prognosis and its association with the immune microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma.
methodsTumor slides from resected stage I lung adenocarcinomas were reviewed (n = 524 and n = 514, for training and validation cohorts, respectively) for assessment of tumor budding. CD3+ and forkhead box P3+ (FoxP3+) lymphocytes, CD68+ macrophages, IL-7 receptor, and IL-12 receptor β2 were analyzed using tissue microarrays constructed from tumor and stroma. Probability of recurrence was calculated using the competing risks method.
resultsIn the training cohort, risk of recurrence for high-grade tumor budding was higher than it was for low-grade tumor budding (32% vs 12%, P < .001), which was confirmed in the validation cohort (P = .005). Tumor budding stratified the risk of recurrence for acinar-predominant (22% vs 9%, P < .001), papillary-predominant (22% vs 13%, P = .045), and solid-predominant (39% vs 19%, P = .022) tumors. Tumor budding was associated with higher stromal FoxP3+ lymphocyte infiltration, higher stromal FoxP3/CD3 risk index, higher tumoral and stromal CD68+ macrophage infiltration, and IL-7 receptor overexpression (P < .001, all associations). Tumor budding remained independently associated with recurrence on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 1.61; P = .008).
conclusionsTumor budding is an independent prognostic factor of stage I lung adenocarcinoma and correlates with the protumor immune microenvironment. Our findings advocate investigating tumor-immune cell interactions at the invading edge as a biologic driver of tumor aggressiveness.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.