ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2015
Determination of HIV Status in African Adults With Discordant HIV Rapid Tests.
Jessica M Fogel, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Kelsey Donohue, Vanessa Cummings, Mark A Marzinke, William Clarke, Autumn Breaud, Agnès Fiamma, Deborah Donnell, Michal Kulich and 6 more
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
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5 · Who and what money
Authors and funding
16 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Jessica M Fogel*Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; †Program in Global Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; ‡Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; §Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; ‖Department of Probability and Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; ¶Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Muhimbili University Teaching Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; #DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, Universities of the Witwatersrand and KwaZulu-Natal, Johannesburg, South Africa; **Human Sciences Research Council, Durban, South Africa; ††Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; ‡‡South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; §§Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; and ‖‖Center for World Health, David Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA Health, Los Angeles, CA.
Estelle Piwowar-Manning
Kelsey Donohue
Vanessa Cummings
Mark A Marzinke
William Clarke
Autumn Breaud
Agnès Fiamma
Deborah Donnell
Michal Kulich
Jessie K K Mbwambo
Linda Richter
Glenda Gray
Michael Sweat
Thomas J Coates
Susan H Eshleman
Johns Hopkins Medicine · USJohns Hopkins University · USCharles University · CZHuman Sciences Research Council · ZAInfectious Disease Research Institute · USMedical University of South Carolina · USMuhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences · TZSouth African Medical Research Council · ZAUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US
Funding
LOC: HIV Prevention Trials NetworkUM1AI068619 · NIAID · FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL · PI Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, RAPHAEL J LANDOVITZ · 2011 to 2026
$779.5M
SDMC: HPTN 084 Pregnancy SupplementUM1AI068617 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Elizabeth Renata Brown, Deborah J Donnell · 2011 to 2026
$204.9M
LC: HIV Prevention Trials Network - Laboratory Support for the SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Study (CoVPN 5002)UM1AI068613 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SUSAN H ESHLEMAN, Mark A Marzinke · 2011 to 2026
$100.2M
HIV Prevention trials Network (HPTN) Coordinating and Operations CenterU01AI068619 · NIAID · FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL · PI VERMUND, STEN H. · 2006 to 2010
$72.7M
Vaccine Response and Immunotherapeutics SWGP30AI094189 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Richard E. Chaisson · 2012 to 2026
$67.0M
UCLA Rapid, Relevant, Rigorous Implementation Science HubP30MH058107 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Nina Thawata Harawa · 1997 to 2026
$53.5M
Leadership for HIV/AIDS Clinical Trials Networks; HIV Prevention Trials NetworkU01AI068617 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI DONNELL, DEBORAH J · 2006 to 2010
$28.8M
Community-Based HIV VCT: South AfricaU01MH066701 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI COATES, THOMAS J. · 2003 to 2010
$24.3M
HIV Prevention Trials Network: Network LaboratoryU01AI068613 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ESHLEMAN, SUSAN H · 2006 to 2010
$16.5M
Community-Based VCT: ZimbabweU01MH066702 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MORIN, STEPHEN F · 2003 to 2010
$13.4M
Community-Based VCT: TanzaniaU01MH066688 · NIMH · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI SWEAT, MICHAEL D · 2003 to 2010
$11.7M
Community-Based VCT: ThailandU01MH066687 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CELENTANO, DAVID D. · 2003 to 2010
backgroundIn resource-limited settings, HIV infection is often diagnosed using 2 rapid tests. If the results are discordant, a third tie-breaker test is often used to determine HIV status. This study characterized samples with discordant rapid tests and compared different testing strategies for determining HIV status in these cases.
methodsSamples were previously collected from 173 African adults in a population-based survey who had discordant rapid test results. Samples were classified as HIV positive or HIV negative using a rigorous testing algorithm that included two fourth-generation tests, a discriminatory test, and 2 HIV RNA tests. Tie-breaker tests were evaluated, including rapid tests (1 performed in-country), a third-generation enzyme immunoassay, and two fourth-generation tests. Selected samples were further characterized using additional assays.
resultsTwenty-nine samples (16.8%) were classified as HIV positive and 24 of those samples (82.8%) had undetectable HIV RNA. Antiretroviral drugs were detected in 1 sample. Sensitivity was 8.3%-43% for the rapid tests; 24.1% for the third-generation enzyme immunoassay; 95.8% and 96.6% for the fourth-generation tests. Specificity was lower for the fourth-generation tests than the other tests. Accuracy ranged from 79.5% to 91.3%.
conclusionsIn this population-based survey, most HIV-infected adults with discordant rapid tests were virally suppressed without antiretroviral drugs. Use of individual assays as tie-breaker tests was not a reliable method for determining HIV status in these individuals. More extensive testing algorithms that use a fourth-generation screening test with a discriminatory test and HIV RNA test are preferable for determining HIV status in these cases.
Indexed as
AdultHIV AntibodiesHIV AntigensHIV InfectionsHumansImmunoassaySensitivity and SpecificitySouth AfricaTanzaniaTime FactorsHIV AntibodiesHIV Antigens
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