ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2015
Induction of apoptosis and autophagy via sirtuin1- and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated pathways by plumbagin in human prostate cancer cells.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Neutrophils on the Ocular Surface.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Development of a Novel Risk Signature for Predicting the Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Response of Prostate Cancer by Integrating Ferroptosis and Immune-Related Genes.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Article
- Different Derivatives of Plumbagin Analogue: Bioavailability and Their Toxicity Studies.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
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- Gene Expression Regulation and the Signal Transduction of Programmed Cell Death.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Research progress on the role of PTEN deletion or mutation in the immune microenvironment of glioblastoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Ferroptosis, autophagy, tumor and immunity.Heliyon · 2023Review
- AMPK's double-faced role in advanced stages of prostate cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2022Review
- Plumbagin Suppresses Breast Cancer Progression by Downregulating HIF-1α Expression via a PI3K/Akt/mTOR Independent Pathway under Hypoxic Condition.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Regulates Autophagy in Male and Female Reproductive Cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Autophagy in white matter disorders of the CNS: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.The Journal of pathology · 2021Review
- Computational andFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- CRISPR, Prime Editing, Optogenetics, and DREADDs: New Therapeutic Approaches Provided by Emerging Technologies in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Review
- Anticancer Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Plumbagin: Review of Research Advances.BioMed research international · 2020Review
- Suppressive effects of plumbagin on the growth of human bladder cancer cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways and EMT.Cancer cell international · 2020Article
- Plumbagin Enhances the Anticancer Efficacy of Cisplatin by Increasing Intracellular ROS in Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Article
- Review
- Transferrin-bearing liposomes entrapping plumbagin for targeted cancer therapy.Journal of interdisciplinary nanomedicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2022-07-29Concerns/Issues about Data · Duplication of/in Image · Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plumbagin (PLB) has been shown to have anticancer activities in animal models, but the role of PLB in prostate cancer treatment is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PLB on apoptosis and autophagy and the underlying mechanisms in human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU145. Our study has shown that PLB had potent pro-apoptotic and pro-autophagic effects on PC-3 and DU145 cells. PLB induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in concentration- and time-dependent manners in both PC-3 and DU145 cells. PLB induced inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and activation of 5'-AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) as indicated by their altered phosphorylation, contributing to the pro-autophagic activity of PLB. Modulation of autophagy altered basal and PLB-induced apoptosis in both cell lines. Furthermore, PLB downregulated sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), and inhibition of Sirt1 enhanced autophagy, whereas the induction of Sirt1 abolished PLB-induced autophagy in PC-3 and DU145 cells. In addition, PLB downregulated pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor/visfatin, and the inhibition of pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor/visfatin significantly enhanced basal and PLB-induced apoptosis and autophagy in both cell lines. Moreover, reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level attenuated the apoptosis- and autophagy-inducing effects of PLB on both PC-3 and DU145 cells. These findings indicate that PLB promotes apoptosis and autophagy in prostate cancer cells via Sirt1- and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated pathways with contribution from AMPK-, p38 MAPK-, visfatin-, and ROS-associated pathways.
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