ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2015
Salt Accelerates Allograft Rejection through Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase-1-Dependent Inhibition of Regulatory T Cells.
Article in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of altered salt intake and diet on cytokines in humans: A 20-week randomized cross-over intervention study.European journal of immunology · 2023Trial
- The gut microbiome and allograft outcomes: implications for heart transplantation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Nutritional strategies in kidney transplantation: optimising outcomes beyond surgery.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Review
- Metronidazole-mediated gut anaerobe remodeling is associated with transplant rejection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Dietary salt, vascular dysfunction, and cognitive impairment.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Paracellular permeability and tight junction regulation in gut health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Review
- Gut Microbiome in Patients after Heart Transplantation-Current State of Knowledge.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Sex Differences in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Blood Pressure Response to Dietary Salt in Humans.Cardiogenetics · 2023Article
- Sodium perturbs mitochondrial respiration and induces dysfunctional Tregs.Cell metabolism · 2023Article
- The modulatory effect of high salt on immune cells and related diseases.Cell proliferation · 2022Review
- Reciprocal Interactions Between Regulatory T Cells and Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Dietary Component-Induced Inflammation and Its Amelioration by Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- SGK1, a Critical Regulator of Immune Modulation and Fibrosis and a Potential Therapeutic Target in Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- ENaC in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension: Kidney and Beyond.Current hypertension reports · 2020Review
- A High-Salt Diet Disturbs the Development and Function of Natural Killer Cells in Mice.Journal of immunology research · 2020Article
- Impact of the microbiota on solid organ transplant rejection.Current opinion in organ transplantation · 2019Review
- The role of sodium in modulating immune cell function.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2019Review
- High Salt Activates CD11cHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2019Article
- Exercise increases skin graft resistance to rejection.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A high-salt diet (HSD) in humans is linked to a number of complications, including hypertension and cardiovascular events. Whether a HSD affects the immune response in transplantation is unknown. Using a murine transplantation model, we investigated the effect of NaCl on the alloimmune response in vitro and in vivo. Incremental NaCl concentrations in vitro augmented T cell proliferation in the settings of both polyclonal and allospecific stimulation. Feeding a HSD to C57BL/6 wild-type recipients of bm12 allografts led to accelerated cardiac allograft rejection, despite similar mean BP and serum sodium levels in HSD and normal salt diet (NSD) groups. The accelerated rejection was associated with a reduction in the proportion of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) and a significant decrease in Treg proliferation, leading to an increased ratio of antigen-experienced CD4(+) T cells to Tregs in mice recipients of a HSD compared with mice recipients of a NSD. Because serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase-1 (SGK1) has been proposed as a potential target of salt in immune cells, we fed a HSD to CD4(Cre)SGK1(fl/fl) B6-transplanted recipients and observed abrogation of the deleterious effect of a HSD in the absence of SGK1 on CD4(+) cells. In summary, we show that NaCl negatively affects the regulatory balance of T cells in transplantation and precipitates rejection in an SGK1-dependent manner.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.