ArticlePloS one2015
Tandem fusion of hepatitis B core antigen allows assembly of virus-like particles in bacteria and plants with enhanced capacity to accommodate foreign proteins.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Noncanonical amino acids enable plug and play vaccine platform in the ALiCE cell free system.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Protein Engineering and Drug Discovery: Importance, Methodologies, Challenges, and Prospects.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- A VLP vaccine platform comprising the core protein of hepatitis B virus with N-terminal antigen capture.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2025Article
- Review
- Virus-like Particles Produced in Plants: A Promising Platform for Recombinant Vaccine Development.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- EngineeringVaccines · 2024Review
- Encapsulation of Transketolase intoACS applied bio materials · 2024Article
- Review
- Plant virus-derived nanoparticles decorated with genetically encoded SARS-CoV-2 nanobodies display enhanced neutralizing activity.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Design of hepadnavirus core protein-based chimeric virus-like particles carrying epitopes from respiratory syncytial virus.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Chimeric Hepatitis B core virus-like particles harboring SARS-CoV2 epitope elicit a humoral immune response in mice.Microbial cell factories · 2023Article
- Article
- Rapid screening and scaled manufacture of immunogenic virus-like particles in a tobacco BY-2 cell-free protein synthesis system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Virus-like Particles for TEM Regulation and Antitumor Therapy.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Review
- A modular and self-adjuvanted multivalent vaccine platform based on porcine circovirus virus-like nanoparticles.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- Needle-free, spirulina-produced Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite vaccination provides sterile protection against pre-erythrocytic malaria in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- Plant-Derived Human Vaccines: Recent Developments.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2022Review
- Hacking Commensal Bacteria to Consolidate the Adaptive Mucosal Immune Response in the Gut-Lung Axis: Future Possibilities for SARS-CoV-2 Protection.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2022Review
- Improving Protein Quantity and Quality-The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Plant-Derived Recombinant Vaccines against Zoonotic Viruses.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The core protein of the hepatitis B virus, HBcAg, assembles into highly immunogenic virus-like particles (HBc VLPs) when expressed in a variety of heterologous systems. Specifically, the major insertion region (MIR) on the HBcAg protein allows the insertion of foreign sequences, which are then exposed on the tips of surface spike structures on the outside of the assembled particle. Here, we present a novel strategy which aids the display of whole proteins on the surface of HBc particles. This strategy, named tandem core, is based on the production of the HBcAg dimer as a single polypeptide chain by tandem fusion of two HBcAg open reading frames. This allows the insertion of large heterologous sequences in only one of the two MIRs in each spike, without compromising VLP formation. We present the use of tandem core technology in both plant and bacterial expression systems. The results show that tandem core particles can be produced with unmodified MIRs, or with one MIR in each tandem dimer modified to contain the entire sequence of GFP or of a camelid nanobody. Both inserted proteins are correctly folded and the nanobody fused to the surface of the tandem core particle (which we name tandibody) retains the ability to bind to its cognate antigen. This technology paves the way for the display of natively folded proteins on the surface of HBc particles either through direct fusion or through non-covalent attachment via a nanobody.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.