ArticlePloS one2015
Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte positivity in a longitudinal cohort.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defining micro-epidemiology for malaria elimination: systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2017Pooled it
- Asymptomatic school-age children carry the majority of transmissible Plasmodium falciparum infections.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Risk factor for gametocyte carriage and gametocytemia in Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Fetal hemoglobin enables malaria parasite growth in sickle cells but augments production of transmission stage parasites.PloS one · 2025Article
- Gametocyte prevalence and risk factors of P. falciparum malaria patients admitted at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Thailand: a 20-year retrospective study.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Biology and epidemiology ofParasite epidemiology and control · 2023Review
- Characterization of Naturally Acquired Immunity to a Panel of Antigens Expressed in MatureFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Gametocyte carriage in an era of changing malaria epidemiology: A 19-year analysis of a malaria longitudinal cohort.Wellcome open research · 2019Article
- Article
- Antibodies to PfsEGXP, an Early Gametocyte-Enriched Phosphoprotein, Predict Decreased Plasmodium falciparum Gametocyte Density in Humans.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Risk factors for asymptomatic malaria infections from seasonal cross-sectional surveys along the China-Myanmar border.Malaria journal · 2018Article
- Host age and Plasmodium falciparum multiclonality are associated with gametocyte prevalence: a 1-year prospective cohort study.Malaria journal · 2017Article
- Predominance of asymptomatic and sub-microscopic infections characterizes the Plasmodium gametocyte reservoir in the Peruvian Amazon.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Malaria transmission intensity is highly heterogeneous even at a very small scale. Implementing targeted intervention in malaria transmission hotspots offers the potential to reduce the burden of disease both locally and in adjacent areas. Transmission of malaria parasites from man to mosquito requires the production of gametocyte stage parasites. Cluster analysis of a 19-year long cohort study for gametocyte carriage revealed spatially defined gametocyte hotspots that occurred during the time when chloroquine was the drug used for clinical case treatment. In addition to known risk factors for gametocyte carriage, notably young age (<15 years old) and associated with a clinical episode, blood groups B and O increased risk compared to groups A and AB. A hotspot of clinical P. falciparum clinical episodes that overlapped the gametocyte hotspots was also identified. Gametocyte positivity was found to be increased in individuals who had been treated with chloroquine, as opposed to other drug treatment regimens, for a clinical P. falciparum episode up to 30 days previously. It seems likely the hotspots were generated by a vicious circle of ineffective treatment of clinical cases and concomitant gametocyte production in a sub-population characterized by an increased prevalence of all the identified risk factors. While rapid access to treatment with an effective anti-malarial can reduce the duration of gametocyte carriage and onward parasite transmission, localised hotspots represent a challenge to malaria control and eventual eradication.
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