ArticleJournal of thrombosis and thrombolysis2015
Thrombolytic efficacy and enzymatic activity of rt-PA-loaded echogenic liposomes.
Article in Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimized TELIP, an Echogenic Liposomal Nano-Carrier Loaded with Alteplase for Preclinical Studies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Overview of Therapeutic Ultrasound Applications and Safety Considerations: 2024 Update.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2025Review
- Effect of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator and 120-kHz Ultrasound on Porcine Intracranial Thrombus Density.Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Nanomaterials for Diagnosis, Treatments, and Neurorestoration in Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Cavitation Emissions Nucleated by Definity Infused through an EkoSonic Catheter in a Flow Phantom.Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2021Article
- From Bedside to the Bench-A Call for Novel Approaches to Prognostic Evaluation and Treatment of Empyema.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Thrombolytic Agents: Nanocarriers in Controlled Release.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2020Review
- Nano-Medicine for Thrombosis: A Precise Diagnosis and Treatment Strategy.Nano-micro letters · 2020Review
- In vitro characterization of sonothrombolysis and echocontrast agents to treat ischemic stroke.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- For Whom the Bubble Grows: Physical Principles of Bubble Nucleation and Dynamics in Histotripsy Ultrasound Therapy.Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2019Review
- Recent strategies on targeted delivery of thrombolytics.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2019Review
- Thrombin-Activatable Microbubbles as Potential Ultrasound Contrast Agents for the Detection of Acute Thrombosis.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2017Article
- In vitro thrombolytic efficacy of echogenic liposomes loaded with tissue plasminogen activator and octafluoropropane gas.Physics in medicine and biology · 2017Article
- Article
- Effect of Thrombus Composition and Viscosity on Sonoreperfusion Efficacy in a Model of Micro-Vascular Obstruction.Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2016Article
- Efficacy of histotripsy combined with rt-PA in vitro.Physics in medicine and biology · 2016Article
- Microfluidic manufacture of rt-PA -loaded echogenic liposomes.Biomedical microdevices · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Echogenic liposomes (ELIP), that can encapsulate both recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and microbubbles, are under development to improve the treatment of thrombo-occlusive disease. However, the enzymatic activity, thrombolytic efficacy, and stable cavitation activity generated by this agent has yet to be evaluated and compared to another established ultrasound-enhanced thrombolytic scheme. A spectrophotometric method was used to compare the enzymatic activity of the rt-PA incorporated into ELIP (t-ELIP) to that of rt-PA. An in vitro flow model was employed to measure the thrombolytic efficacy and dose of ultraharmonic emissions from stable cavitation for 120-kHz ultrasound exposure of three treatment schemes: rt-PA, rt-PA and the perfluorocarbon-filled microbubble Definity(®), and t-ELIP. The enzymatic activity of rt-PA incorporated into t-ELIP was 28 % that of rt-PA. Thrombolytic efficacy of t-ELIP or rt-PA and Definity(®) was equivalent when the dose of t-ELIP was adjusted to produce comparable enzymatic activity. Sustained bubble activity was nucleated from Definity but not from t-ELIP exposed to 120-kHz ultrasound. These results emphasize the advantages of encapsulating a thrombolytic and the importance of incorporating an insoluble gas required to promote sustained, stable cavitation activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.