ArticleJournal of affective disorders2015
Altered insular activation and increased insular functional connectivity during sad and happy face processing in adolescent major depressive disorder.
Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Abnormal neural activities in adults and youths with major depressive disorder during emotional processing: a meta-analysis.Brain imaging and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Balancing act: Neural correlates of affect dysregulation in youth depression and substance use - A systematic review of functional neuroimaging studies.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- Adolescent brain development and depression: A case for the importance of connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Effect of non-invasive spinal cord stimulation in unmedicated adults with major depressive disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial and induced current flow pattern.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Lowers Elevated Functional Connectivity in Depressed Adolescents.EBioMedicine · 2017Trial
- Contextualizing the adolescent social brain: Links to social health using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Differential adolescent neurodevelopment of emotion processing across internalizing psychopathology and childhood adversity.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- High-definition tDCS regulate the prefrontal-limbic-striatal connectivity and reduce depression in youth with first-episode depression.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Resting-State Functional Connectivity Alterations in Insomnia Disorder: A Systematic Review of Studies Published from 2020 to July 2025.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Review
- From perception to projection: Exploring neuroaffective advances in understanding optimism bias and belief updating.Current opinion in psychology · 2024Review
- Disrupted properties of functional brain networks in major depressive disorder during emotional face recognition: an EEG study via graph theory analysis.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Abnormal functional connectivity of the salience network in insomnia.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Article
- Aberrant frontolimbic circuit in female depressed adolescents with and without suicidal attempts: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Abnormal degree centrality in first-episode medication-free adolescent depression at rest: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study and support vector machine analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Interoception Dysfunction Contributes to the Negative Emotional Bias in Major Depressive Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Abnormal large-scale resting-state functional networks in drug-free major depressive disorder.Brain imaging and behavior · 2021Article
- Self-other referential neural processing in social anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2021Article
- White matter microstructure relates to lassitude but not diagnosis in adolescents with depression.Brain imaging and behavior · 2020Article
- MRI Insights Into Adolescent Neurocircuitry-A Vision for the Future.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Article
- Frontoinsular Network Markers of Current and Future Adolescent Mood Health.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide and occurs commonly first during adolescence. The insular cortex (IC) plays an important role in integrating emotion processing with interoception and has been implicated recently in the pathophysiology of adult and adolescent MDD. However, no studies have yet specifically examined the IC in adolescent MDD during processing of faces in the sad-happy continuum. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the IC during sad and happy face processing in adolescents with MDD compared to healthy controls (HCL).
methodsThirty-one adolescents (22 female) with MDD and 36 (23 female) HCL underwent a well-validated emotional processing fMRI paradigm that included sad and happy face stimuli.
resultsThe MDD group showed significantly less differential activation of the anterior/middle insular cortex (AMIC) in response to sad versus happy faces compared to the HCL group. AMIC also showed greater functional connectivity with right fusiform gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, and right amygdala/parahippocampal gyrus in the MDD compared to HCL group. Moreover, differential activation to sad and happy faces in AMIC correlated negatively with depression severity within the MDD group. LIMITATIONS: Small age-range and cross-sectional nature precluded assessment of development of the AMIC in adolescent depression.
conclusionsGiven the role of the IC in integrating bodily stimuli with conscious cognitive and emotional processes, our findings of aberrant AMIC function in adolescent MDD provide a neuroscientific rationale for targeting the AMIC in the development of new treatment modalities.
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