ArticlePloS one2015
The in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activities of a standardized quassinoids composition from Eurycoma longifolia on LNCaP human prostate cancer cells.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bruceine D attenuates prostate cancer growth and motility by suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling and downregulating CXCL16: implications for skeletal metastasis in orthopedic oncology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Advances in Molecular Regulation of Prostate Cancer Cells by Top Natural Products of Malaysia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- A review on extraction techniques and therapeutic value of polar bioactives from Asian medicinal herbs: Case study onSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2021Review
- Prostate cancer: Therapeutic prospect with herbal medicine.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2021Review
- DHOK Exerts Anti-Cancer Effect Through Autophagy Inhibition in Colorectal Cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Differentially expressed genes on the growth of mouse Leydig cells treated with standardised Eurycoma longifolia extract.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
- Phytochemicals in Prostate Cancer: From Bioactive Molecules to Upcoming Therapeutic Agents.Nutrients · 2019Review
- Tea Polysaccharide Prevents Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis in Mice by Inhibiting the Proliferation and Invasion of Tumor Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Anti-Cancer Effect of Lambertianic Acid by Inhibiting the AR in LNCaP Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- Review on a Traditional Herbal Medicine, Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali): Its Traditional Uses, Chemistry, Evidence-Based Pharmacology and Toxicology.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Quassinoids are a group of diterpenoids found in plants from the Simaroubaceae family. They are also the major bioactive compounds found in Eurycoma longifolia which is commonly used as traditional medicine in South East Asia to treat various ailments including sexual dysfunction and infertility. These uses are attributed to its ability to improve testosterone level in men. Chronic consumption of E. longifolia extracts has been reported to increase testosterone level in men and animal model but its effect on prostate growth remains unknown. Therefore, the present study investigates the effects of a standardized total quassinoids composition (SQ40) containing 40% of the total quassinoids found in E. longifolia on LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line. SQ40 inhibited LNCaP cell growth at IC50 value of 5.97 μg/mL while the IC50 on RWPE-1 human prostate normal cells was 59.26 μg/mL. SQ40 also inhibited 5α-dihydrotestosterone-stimulated growth in LNCaP cells dose-dependently. The inhibitory effect of SQ40 in anchorage-independent growth of LNCaP cells was also demonstrated using soft agar assay. SQ40 suppressed LNCaP cell growth via G0/G1 phase arrest which was accompanied by the down-regulation of CDK4, CDK2, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin D3 and up-regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 protein levels. SQ40 at higher concentrations or longer treatment duration can cause G2M growth arrest leading to apoptotic cell death as demonstrated by the detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in LNCaP cells. Moreover, SQ40 also inhibited androgen receptor translocation to nucleus which is important for the transactivation of its target gene, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and resulted in a significant reduction of PSA secretion after the treatment. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of 5 and 10 mg/kg of SQ40 also significantly suppressed the LNCaP tumor growth on mouse xenograft model. Results from the present study suggest that the standardized total quassinoids composition from E. longifolia promotes anti-prostate cancer activities in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells.
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