ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Molecular cartography of the human skin surface in 3D.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 179 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
179 citing papers in PubMed.
- Topical emollient therapy with sunflower seed oil alters the skin microbiota of young children with severe acute malnutrition in Bangladesh: A randomised, controlled study.Journal of global health · 2021Trial
- Antimicrobials from human skin commensal bacteria protect againstScience translational medicine · 2017Trial
- Cutaneous microbiome effects of fluticasone propionate cream and adjunctive bleach baths in childhood atopic dermatitis.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2016Trial
- Precise assessment of facial skin based on multimodal data fusion of the microbiome.Quantitative biology (Beijing, China) · 2026Article
- A review of skin microbiome and new challenges to cosmetic microbiome-friendly formulations.International journal of cosmetic science · 2026Review
- Ultraviolet radiation reshapes the metabolome of skin commensal bacteria, influencing AhR signaling and barrier function.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Lipidomics in Children: Noninvasive Sebum Sampling in Children and Adults Allows for Assessment of Lipidomic Differences According to Age, Sex, and Biological Relatedness.Analytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Paraisariamides: Cycloheptapeptide Toxins from Entomopathogenic Fungi (Journal of natural products · 2026Article
- You are what your fungus eats: diet shapes the microbial garden of a fungus-growing ant.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Microbial Volatiles from Human Skin and Floral Nectar: Insufficiently Understood Adult Feeding Cues To Improve Odor-Based Traps for Aedes Vector Control.Journal of chemical ecology · 2025Review
- Article
- Scraping enhances microbial DNA recovery over swabbing in sensitive facial skin: a pilot study of 10 patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metabolome informs about the chemical exposome and links to brain health.Environment international · 2025Review
- Topographical variations in the skin barrier and their role in disease pathogenesis.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Review
- The Skin Microbiome, Microbial Metabolites and the Epidermal Response to Ultraviolet Radiation-Towards Next Generation Suncare.Experimental dermatology · 2025Review
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- C24 Ceramide Lipid Nanoparticles for Skin Wound Healing.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Skin microbiome and dermatologic disorders.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Article
119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The human skin is an organ with a surface area of 1.5-2 m(2) that provides our interface with the environment. The molecular composition of this organ is derived from host cells, microbiota, and external molecules. The chemical makeup of the skin surface is largely undefined. Here we advance the technologies needed to explore the topographical distribution of skin molecules, using 3D mapping of mass spectrometry data and microbial 16S rRNA amplicon sequences. Our 3D maps reveal that the molecular composition of skin has diverse distributions and that the composition is defined not only by skin cells and microbes but also by our daily routines, including the application of hygiene products. The technological development of these maps lays a foundation for studying the spatial relationships of human skin with hygiene, the microbiota, and environment, with potential for developing predictive models of skin phenotypes tailored to individual health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.