ArticlePeerJ2015
Selection of reference genes for quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis of rat tissues under physiological and toxicological conditions.
Article in PeerJ, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review on the selection of reference genes for gene expression studies in rodents: are the classics the best choice?Molecular biology reports · 2024Pooled it
- Comparative Analysis of Full-Length Reference Gene Stability inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Optimization of anToxicology reports · 2026Article
- Early-life maternal probiotic supplementation programs sex- and region-specific gene expression in the adult offspring brain.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Long-Term Effects of Perinatal Limosilactobacillus reuteri on Social Cognition, Gene Expression, and Gut Microbiota.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- Selection of Stable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies in Activated and Non-Activated PBMCs Under Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Androgen receptor antagonist flutamide modulates estrogen receptor alpha expression in distinct regions of the hypospadiac rat penis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Exploring transcriptomic databases to identify and experimentally validate tissue-specific consensus reference gene for gene expression normalization in BALB/c mice acutely exposed to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-Current research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Nkx2.3 transcription factor is a key regulator of mucous cell identity in salivary glands.Developmental biology · 2024Article
- The effects of restraint stress on ceramide metabolism disorders in the rat liver: the role of CerS6 in hepatocyte injury.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Fatty acid binding protein 5 inhibition attenuates pronociceptive cytokine/chemokine expression and suppresses osteoarthritis pain: A comparative human and rat study.Osteoarthritis and cartilage · 2024Article
- Housekeeping gene expression variability in differentiating and non-differentiating 3T3-L1 cells.Adipocyte · 2023Article
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- Effects of the Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitor Itraconazole on Developing Rat Ovaries.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2021Article
- Validation of Reference Genes via qRT-PCR in Multiple Conditions in Brandt's Voles,Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Stem cell therapy targets the neointimal smooth muscle cells in experimentally induced atherosclerosis: involvement of intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM).Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2021Article
- Identification of reference genes for real-time polymerase chain reaction gene expression studies in Nile rats fed Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract.Molecular biology reports · 2020Article
- Loss of natural resistance to schistosome in T cell deficient rat.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Pathological Cardiopulmonary Evaluation of Rats Chronically Exposed to Traffic-Related Air Pollution.Environmental health perspectives · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
In biological research the analysis of gene expression levels in cells and tissues can be a powerful tool to gain insights into biological processes. For this, quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) is a popular method that often involve the use of constitutively expressed endogenous reference (or 'housekeeping') gene for normalization of data. Thus, it is essential to use reference genes that have been verified to be stably expressed within the specific experimental setting. Here, we have analysed the expression stability of 12 commonly used reference genes (Actb, B2m, Gapdh, Hprt, Pgk1, Rn18s, Rpl13a, Rps18, Rps29, Sdha, Tbp and Ubc) across several juvenile and adult rat tissues (liver, adrenal, prostate, fat pad, testis and ovaries), both under normal conditions and following exposure to various chemicals during development. Employing NormFinder and BestKeeper softwares, we found Hprt and Sdha to be amongst the most stable genes across normal and manipulated tissues, with several others also being suitable for most tissues. Tbp and B2m displayed highest variability in transcript levels between tissues and developmental stages. It was also observed that the reference genes were most unstable in liver and testis following toxicological exposure. For future studies, we propose the use of more than one verified reference gene and the continuous monitoring of their suitability under various experimental conditions, including toxicological studies, based on changes in threshold (Ct) values from cDNA samples having been reverse-transcribed from a constant input concentration of RNA.
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