ArticleClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2015
Unmet challenges in immune-mediated hepatobiliary diseases.
Article in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical management of autoimmune liver diseases: juncture, opportunities, and challenges ahead.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- The Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis: Real-World Experience and a Comprehensive Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2017Article
- Trichloroethylene Exposure Reduces Liver Injury in a Mouse Model of Primary Biliary Cholangitis.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2017Article
- New developments in the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis - role of obeticholic acid.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2017Review
- Endogenous interleukin-22 protects against inflammatory bowel disease but not autoimmune cholangitis in dominant negative form of transforming growth factor beta receptor type II mice.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2016Article
- Serum microRNAs as novel biomarkers for primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholangiocarcinoma.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2016Article
- Epigenetics and Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: a Comprehensive Review and Implications for Autoimmunity.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2016Review
- Evolving Trends in Female to Male Incidence and Male Mortality of Primary Biliary Cholangitis.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Dysregulation of peritoneal cavity B1a cells and murine primary biliary cholangitis.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Adaptive immunity in the liver.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2016Review
- Deletion of Galectin-3 Enhances Xenobiotic Induced Murine Primary Biliary Cholangitis by Facilitating Apoptosis of BECs and Release of Autoantigens.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- The Natural History and Prognosis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis with Clinical Features of Autoimmune Hepatitis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2016Article
- Article
- Proposed therapies in primary biliary cholangitis.Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2016Review
- Treatment of cholestatic fibrosis by altering gene expression of Cthrc1: Implications for autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver disease.Journal of autoimmunity · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is ironic that the liver, which serves a critical function in immune tolerance, itself becomes the victim of an autoimmune attack. Indeed, liver autoimmunity and the autoimmune diseases associated with both innate and adaptive responses to hepatocytes and/or cholangiocytes are models of human autoimmunity. For example, in primary biliary cirrhosis, there exists a well-defined and characteristic autoantibody and considerable homogeneity between patients. In autoimmune hepatitis, there are clinical characteristics that allow a rigorous subset definition and well-defined inflammatory infiltrates. In both cases, there are defects in a variety of immune pathways and including regulatory cells. In primary sclerosing cholangitis, with its characteristic overlap with inflammatory bowel disease, there are unique defects in innate immunity and particular important contribution of lymphoid homing to disease pathogenesis. In these diseases, as with other human autoimmune processes, there is the critical understanding that pathogenesis requires a genetic background, but is determined by environmental features, and indeed the concordance of these diseases in identical twins highlights the stochastic nature of immunopathology. Unfortunately, despite major advances in basic immunology and in immunopathology in these diseases, there remains a major void in therapy. The newer biologics that are so widely used in rheumatology, neurology, and gastroenterology have not yet seen success in autoimmune liver disease. Future efforts will depend on more rigorous molecular biology and systems analysis in order for successful application to be made to patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25820618What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.