Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25815843›Full record

ReviewCancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.)

Alternative fuels for cancer cells.

Melissa M Keenan, Jen-Tsan Chi

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. The metabolic profiles of cancer stem cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. NONO Maintains SREBP-Regulated Cholesterol Biosynthesis via RNA Binding in Neuroblastoma.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
    Article
  5. Uridine as a hub in cancer metabolism and RNA biology.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Metabolic signatures of thymomas: potential biomarkers and treatment targets.European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Melissa M KeenanFrom the *Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and †Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC.
Jen-Tsan Chi
Duke University · US

Funding

ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS OF CELLULAR STRUCTUREST32GM007184 · NIGMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI JINKS-ROBERTSON, SUE · 1985 to 2019
$18.2M
Genetics Training Grant-Year 26T32GM007754 · NIGMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HAASE, STEVEN B · 1985 to 2019
$8.3M
Gene expression programs of lactic acidosis in human cancersR01CA125618 · NCI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI CHI, JEN-TSAN ASHLEY · 2007 to 2016
$3.3M
Oncogenic Gene Regulatory NetworksR01CA106520 · NCI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI CHI, JEN-TSAN ASHLEY · 2005 to 2014
$2.9M
Genetic elements of cancer cell survival in tumor microenvironment stressesF31CA180610 · NCI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI KEENAN, MELISSA M · 2013 to 2015
$82k
NCI NIH HHS CA106520NCI NIH HHS CA125618NCI NIH HHS F31 CA180610NCI NIH HHS F31 CA180610-02NCI NIH HHS R01 CA106520NCI NIH HHS R01 CA125618NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007184NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007754
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor metabolism is significantly altered to support the various metabolic needs of tumor cells. The most prominent change is the increased tumor glycolysis that leads to increased glucose uptake and utilization. However, it has become obvious that many non-glucose nutrients, such as amino acids, lactate, acetate, and macromolecules, can serve as alternative fuels for cancer cells. This knowledge reveals an unexpected flexibility and evolutionarily conserved model in which cancer cells uptake nutrients from their external environment to fulfill their necessary energetic needs. Tumor cells may have evolved the ability to utilize different carbon sources because of the limited supply of nutrients in their microenvironment, which can be driven by oncogenic mutations or tumor microenvironmental stresses. In certain cases, these factors permanently alter the tumor cells' metabolism, causing certain nutrients to become indispensable and thus creating opportunities for therapeutic intervention to eradicate tumors by their metabolic vulnerabilities.

Indexed as

Energy MetabolismAdaptation, BiologicalAmino AcidsAnimalsCell Transformation, NeoplasticGlutamineHumansLactic AcidNeoplasmsPhenotypeStress, PhysiologicalAmino AcidsGlutamineLactic Acid

Identifiers

PMID25815843
PMCPMC4380238
OpenAlexW2021447278

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.