Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25815479›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2015

Control group design, contamination and drop-out in exercise oncology trials: a systematic review.

Charlotte N Steins Bisschop, Kerry S Courneya, Miranda J Velthuis, Evelyn M Monninkhof, Lee W Jones, Christine Friedenreich, Elsken van der Wall, Petra H M Peeters, Anne M May

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 59 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03367130 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Integrating Mobile Phone-Based Intervention With Test and Treat Strategy to Improve Clinic Attendance for Antiretroviral Pills Pick Up Among HIV Positive Individuals in Nepal: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorTokyo UniversityRan2017 to 2018Enrolled468ConditionsHIV Infections, Antiretroviral Therapy, HIV SeropositivityArmsMobile phone reminder
NCT04027049 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Biologic Mechanisms of Early Exercise After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Cycle Ergometry

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins UniversityRan2019 to 2021Enrolled25ConditionsIntracerebral Hemorrhage, Acute Ischemic StrokeArmsSupine cycle ergometry of the lower extremities
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  5. Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Charlotte N Steins BisschopJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Kerry S CourneyaFaculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Miranda J VelthuisComprehensive Cancer Center the Netherlands (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Evelyn M MonninkhofJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Lee W JonesMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America.
Christine FriedenreichDepartment of Population Health Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Elsken van der WallCancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Petra H M PeetersJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Anne M MayJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeImportant considerations for exercise trials in cancer patients are contamination and differential drop-out among the control group members that might jeopardize the internal validity. This systematic review provides an overview of different control groups design characteristics of exercise-oncology trials and explores the association with contamination and drop-out rates.

methodsRandomized controlled exercise-oncology trials from two Cochrane reviews were included. Additionally, a computer-aided search using Medline (Pubmed), Embase and CINAHL was conducted after completion date of the Cochrane reviews. Eligible studies were classified according to three control group design characteristics: the exercise instruction given to controls before start of the study (exercise allowed or not); and the intervention the control group was offered during (any (e.g., education sessions or telephone contacts) or none) or after (any (e.g., cross-over or exercise instruction) or none) the intervention period. Contamination (yes or no) and excess drop-out rates (i.e., drop-out rate of the control group minus the drop-out rate exercise group) were described according to the three design characteristics of the control group and according to the combinations of these three characteristics; so we additionally made subgroups based on combinations of type and timing of instructions received.

results40 exercise-oncology trials were included based on pre-specified eligibility criteria. The lowest contamination (7.1% of studies) and low drop-out rates (excess drop-out rate -4.7±9.2) were found in control groups offered an intervention after the intervention period. When control groups were offered an intervention both during and after the intervention period, contamination (0%) and excess drop-out rates (-10.0±12.8%) were even lower.

conclusionsControl groups receiving an intervention during and after the study intervention period have lower contamination and drop-out rates. The present findings can be considered when designing future exercise-oncology trials.

Indexed as

Control GroupsExerciseQuality of LifeSurvivorsHumansNeoplasmsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch Design

Identifiers

PMID25815479
PMCPMC4376879

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.