Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25815358›Full record

ReviewAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2015

A practical algorithm for managing Alzheimer's disease: what, when, and why?

Jeffrey L Cummings, Richard S Isaacson, Frederick A Schmitt, Drew M Velting

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Extracellular vesicles, the emerging mirrors of brain physiopathology.International journal of biological sciences · 2023
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Jeffrey L CummingsCleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health Las Vegas, Nevada and Cleveland, Ohio.
Richard S IsaacsonWeill Cornell Medical College New York, New York.
Frederick A SchmittSanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky Medical Center Lexington, Kentucky.
Drew M VeltingNovartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation East Hanover, New Jersey.
Cleveland Clinic · USCornell University · USTris Pharma (United States) · USUniversity of Kentucky · US

Funding

University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Core Center - Biomarker CoreP30AG028383 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI GOLD, BRIAN TIMOTHY, VAN ELDIK, LINDA J · 2006 to 2020
$23.3M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG028383
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and its prevalence is increasing. Recent developments in AD management provide improved ways of supporting patients and their caregivers throughout the disease continuum. Managing cardiovascular risk factors, maintaining an active lifestyle (with regular physical, mental and social activity) and following a Mediterranean diet appear to reduce AD risk and may slow cognitive decline. Pharmacologic therapy for AD should be initiated upon diagnosis. All of the currently available cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs; donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine) are indicated for mild-to-moderate AD. Donepezil (10 and 23 mg/day) and rivastigmine transdermal patch (13.3 mg/24 h) are indicated for moderate-to-severe AD. Memantine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, is approved for moderate-to-severe AD. ChEIs have been shown to improve cognitive function, global clinical status and patients' ability to perform activities of daily living. There is also evidence for reduction in emergence of behavioral symptoms with ChEI therapy. Treatment choice (e.g., oral vs. transdermal) should be based on patient or caregiver preference, ease of use, tolerability, and cost. Treatment should be individualized; patients can be switched from one ChEI to another if the initial agent is poorly tolerated or ineffective. Memantine may be introduced in moderate-to-severe disease stages. Clinicians will regularly monitor symptoms and behaviors, manage comorbidities, assess function, educate and help caregivers access information and support, evaluate patients' fitness to drive or own firearms, and provide advice about the need for legal and financial planning. Review of caregiver well-being and prompt referral for support is vital.

Identifiers

PMID25815358
PMCPMC4369281
OpenAlexW2083074012

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.