ArticleBMC psychology2015
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: psychometric properties of the parent and teacher version in children aged 4-7.
Article in BMC psychology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed.
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- A digital intervention to support childhood cognition after the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Longer-Term Outcomes of the Incredible Years Parenting Intervention.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2021Trial
- Design and Psychometric Evaluation of a Nursing Care Rationing Instrument.Nursing open · 2026Article
- German Parents and Educators of Two to Four-Year-Old Children as Informants for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- The dynamic interplay between mental health difficulties and the family environment in early adolescence.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Mother-Infant Interaction and Maternal Postnatal Psychological Distress Associate with Child's Social-Emotional Development During Early Childhood: A FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
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- Associations between Parental Protective Factors and Child Behavioral Problems in Children with ADHD and ASD.Journal of developmental and physical disabilities · 2026Article
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- Prenatal maternal mood instability and child externalizing problems: An ecological momentary assessment study.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- Design and psychometric properties of the academic vitality scale in nursing students.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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- Autonomy-Supportive Circuit Training Program: Differential effects on adaptive behavior and emotional symptoms in children with and without autism spectrum disorder.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Polygenic and developmental profiles of autism differ by age at diagnosis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Quality of Life after Brain Injury in children aged six and seven years (QOLIBRI-KIDDY) - development and scale analysis of the first disease-specific self-report instrument for young children after traumatic brain injury.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2025Article
- Measuring honesty in nursing: scale development and validation.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- Reallocating 24-hour movement behaviors and its impact on mental health in preschool children: a compositional data and dose-response analysis.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- Development and Psychometric Properties of Ethical Competence Questionnaire for Nursing Students.Health science reports · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire is one of the most employed screening instruments. Although there is a large research body investigating its psychometric properties, reliability and validity are not yet fully tested using modern techniques. Therefore, we investigate reliability, construct validity, measurement invariance, and predictive validity of the parent and teacher version in children aged 4-7. Besides, we intend to replicate previous studies by investigating test-retest reliability and criterion validity.
methodsIn a Dutch community sample 2,238 teachers and 1,513 parents filled out questionnaires regarding problem behaviors and parenting, while 1,831 children reported on sociometric measures at T1. These children were followed-up during three consecutive years. Reliability was examined using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, construct validity was examined by Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and predictive validity was examined by calculating developmental profiles and linking these to measures of inadequate parenting, parenting stress and social preference. Further, mean scores and percentiles were examined in order to establish norms.
resultsOmega was consistently higher than alpha regarding reliability. The original five-factor structure was replicated, and measurement invariance was established on a configural level. Further, higher SDQ scores were associated with future indices of higher inadequate parenting, higher parenting stress and lower social preference. Finally, previous results on test-retest reliability and criterion validity were replicated.
conclusionsThis study is the first to show SDQ scores are predictively valid, attesting to the feasibility of the SDQ as a screening instrument. Future research into predictive validity of the SDQ is warranted.
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