ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2015
Neonatal Levels of T-cell Receptor Excision Circles (TREC) in Patients with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and Later Disease Features.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Immune Markers in Predicting Infectious Complications in Children with Congenital Heart Defects.Current pediatric reviews · 2026Review
- Harmonizing TREC Thresholds in Newborn Screening for SCID: Insights From Russian Validation Cohort.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Article
- Hardiness as a Resilience Factor for Adaptation in Families of Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Mixed Methods Study of Parents' Perspectives.Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID · 2024Article
- Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Molecular Genetics in the Context of Multidisciplinary Clinical Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion (DiGeorge Syndrome): Immunologic Features, Diagnosis, and Management.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2023Review
- Long-Term Follow-Up of Newborns with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome and Low TRECs.Journal of clinical immunology · 2022Article
- The Role of Zinc in the T-Cell Metabolism in Infection Requires Further Investigation - An Opinion.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- TREC Screening for WHIM Syndrome.Journal of clinical immunology · 2021Article
- Thymectomy in Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis Is Safe Regarding Long Term Immunological Effects.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- T-cell Receptor Excision Circles in Newborns with Heart Defects.Pediatric cardiology · 2020Article
- Candidate modifier genes for immune function in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2020Article
- Establishing Simultaneous T Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TREC) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KREC) Quantification Assays and Laboratory Reference Intervals in Healthy Individuals of Different Age Groups in Hong Kong.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- TREC and KREC Levels as a Predictors of Lymphocyte Subpopulations Measured by Flow Cytometry.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Primary/Congenital Immunodeficiency: 2015 SH/EAHP Workshop Report-Part 5.American journal of clinical pathology · 2017Article
- Thymus activity measured by T-cell receptor excision circles in patients with different severities of respiratory syncytial virus infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeNewborns with severe T-cell lymphopenia, including those with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS), have low numbers of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs). The aim of this study was to determine a possible correlation between neonatal TRECs in 22q11.2DS and the development of different phenotypes to elucidate the prognostic value of TREC in this disease.
methodsIn this national survey including 46 patients with 22q11.2DS born after 2005, TREC levels were determined using stored newborn screening blood spots on filter cards. Patients were grouped into quartiles according to their TREC values, except the two infants with thymus aplasia.
resultsThe two patients with thymic aplasia had no detectable TREC. The rest had no severe clinical immunodeficiency. There was a significant correlation between low TRECs and the proportion of patients with CD3(+)CD4(+)T-cells below the 5th percentile of healthy infants (p = 0.027) as well as the proportion with an abnormal thymus feature either no thymus or remnant thymus as observed during heart surgery (p = 0.022). Significantly lower TRECs (p = 0.019) were found in patients with cardiac defects compared to no such defects. Patients within the lowest quartile of TREC values (<71 TRECs/μL, n = 11) had more frequent severe cardiac defects than the other quartiles (p = 0.010). Eight of these patients in the lowest quartile needed an operation/intervention within two weeks after birth or died because of a cardiac defect.
conclusionThe low TREC values not only correlate with decreased T-cell immunity, but also with the occurrence of heart defects in the patients.
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