Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25812841›Full record

ArticleVaccine2015

Rabies vaccine preserved by vaporization is thermostable and immunogenic.

Todd G Smith, Marina Siirin, Xianfu Wu, Cathleen A Hanlon, Victor Bronshtein

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Enhancing vaccine stability in transdermal microneedle platforms.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. A thermostable messenger RNA based vaccine against rabies.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Todd G SmithPoxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Electronic address: tgsmith1@cdc.gov.
Marina SiirinUniversal Stabilization Technologies Inc., 4050 L Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Xianfu WuPoxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Cathleen A HanlonPoxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Victor BronshteinUniversal Stabilization Technologies Inc., 4050 L Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USUniversal Stabilization Technologies · US

Funding

Formulation of Ambient Temperature and Humidity Stable Rabies Vaccines for Oral DR44AI080035 · NIAID · UNIVERSAL STABILIZATION TECHNOLOGIES · PI BRONSHTEIN, VICTOR · 2010 to 2011
$1.1M
NIAID NIH HHS R44 AI080035NIAID NIH HHS R44AI080035
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A rabies vaccine that is thermostable over a range of ambient environmental temperatures would be highly advantageous, especially for tropical regions with challenging cold-chain storage where canine rabies remains enzootic resulting in preventable human mortality. Live attenuated rabies virus (RABV) strain ERAG333 (R333E) was preserved by vaporization (PBV) in a dry, stable foam. RABV stabilized using this process remains viable for at least 23 months at 22°C, 15 months at 37°C, and 3h at 80°C. An antigen capture assay revealed RABV PBV inactivated by irradiation contained similar levels of antigen as a commercial vaccine. Viability and antigen capture testing confirmed that the PBV process stabilized RABV with no significant loss in titer or antigen content. Live attenuated and inactivated RABV PBV both effectively induced RABV neutralizing antibodies and protected mice from peripheral RABV challenge. These results demonstrate that PBV is an efficient method for RABV stabilization.

Indexed as

VolatilizationAnimalsDrug StabilityFemaleHumansMiceMicrobial ViabilityRabies VaccinesRabies virusTemperatureTime FactorsVaccines, AttenuatedViral LoadRabies VaccinesVaccines, AttenuatedEfficacyImmunogenicityPreservation by vaporizationRabies virusStability

Identifiers

PMID25812841
PMCPMC4398650
OpenAlexW2043338279

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.