ArticlePloS one2015
Vascular factors and multiple measures of early brain health: CARDIA brain MRI study.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04962061 (Impacts of Aerobic, Resistance and Cognitive Training Interventions on Neurocognitive Functions in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors.), which is not on this map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impacts of Aerobic, Resistance and Cognitive Training Interventions on Neurocognitive Functions in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Brain Atrophy: A Meta-Analysis.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2022Pooled it
- Cognitive Function and Kidney Disease: Baseline Data From the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT).American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2017Trial
- Article
- Cumulative exposure to cannabis and hippocampus MRI in middle age: results from the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Health at Midlife and Alzheimer Disease Biomarkers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Midlife sleep characteristics and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers 20 years later.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Predicting Breath Hold Task Compliance From Head Motion.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- Relationships between heritable dementia risk factors, cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood, and midlife neuropsychological outcomes.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Multivariate White Matter Microstructure Alterations in Older Adults with Coronary Artery Disease.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- 24-hour activity cycle behaviors and gray matter volume in mild cognitive impairment.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Life's Essential 8 and midlife trajectories in cognition and brain health: The CARDIA study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Racial ethnic variations in the cardiometabolic determinants and blood pressure of white matter hyperintensities among females-The HABS-HD Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Lifespan cardiometabolic exposures are associated with midlife white matter microstructure: The Bogalusa Heart Study.NeuroImage · 2025Article
- Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Brain Health in Midlife: The CARDIA Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Subclinical vascular risk composites and dementia imaging biomarkers 17-20 years later in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2025Article
- Remembering what did not happen: the role of hypnosis in memory recall and false memories formation.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Review
- Mid-life association between cardiovascular risk factors and cerebral blood flow in a multi-ethnic population.Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2025Article
- Association of Self-Reported Sleep Characteristics With Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Aging Years Later in Middle-Aged Adults.Neurology · 2024Article
- Structural correlations between brain magnetic resonance image-derived phenotypes and retinal neuroanatomy.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Trajectories in depressive symptoms and midlife brain health.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo identify early changes in brain structure and function that are associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF).
designCross-sectional brain Magnetic Resonance I (MRI) study.
settingCommunity based cohort in three U.S. sites.
participantsA Caucasian and African-American sub-sample (n= 680; mean age 50.3 yrs) attending the 25 year follow-up exam of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: 3T brain MR images processed for quantitative estimates of: total brain (TBV) and abnormal white matter (AWM) volume; white matter fractional anisotropy (WM-FA); and gray matter cerebral blood flow (GM-CBF). Total intracranial volume is TBV plus cerebral spinal fluid (TICV). A Global Cognitive Function (GCF) score was derived from tests of speed, memory and executive function.
resultsAdjusting for TICV and demographic factors, current smoking was significantly associated with lower GM-CBF and TBV, and more AWM (all <0.05); SA with lower GM-CBF, WM-FA and TBV (p=0.01); increasing BMI with decreasing GM-CBF (p<0003); hypertension with lower GM-CBF, WM-FA, and TBV and higher AWM (all <0.05); and diabetes with lower TBV (p=0.007). The GCS was lower as TBV decreased, AWM increased, and WM-FA (all p<0.01).
conclusionIn middle age adults, CVRF are associated with brain health, reflected in MRI measures of structure and perfusion, and cognitive functioning. These findings suggest markers of mid-life cardiovascular and brain health should be considered as indication for early intervention and future risk of late-life cerebrovascular disease and dementia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.