ArticlePloS one2015
Site-specific differences in T cell frequencies and phenotypes in the blood and gut of HIV-uninfected and ART-treated HIV+ adults.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneous antiretroviral drug distribution and HIV/SHIV detection in the gut of three species.Science translational medicine · 2019Trial
- Trial
- HIV and the gut: implications for HIV persistence, immune dysfunction and cure strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunological fingerprint in coronavirus disease-19 convalescents with and without post-COVID syndrome.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Altered mucosal immunity in HIV-positive colon adenoma: decreased CD4International journal of clinical oncology · 2022Article
- Common and Divergent Features of T Cells from Blood, Gut, and Genital Tract of Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated HIVJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Differential localization and limited cytotoxic potential of duodenal CD8+ T cells.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Antiretroviral Therapy Dampens Mucosal CD4Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Tissue-specific differences in HIV DNA levels and mechanisms that govern HIV transcription in blood, gut, genital tract and liver in ART-treated women.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Reduced immune-regulatory molecule expression on human colonic memory CD4 T cells in older adults.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2021Article
- Enhanced Gut-Homing Dynamics and Pronounced Exhaustion of Mucosal and Blood CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Preservation of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Barrier Function and Microbiome in Patients With Controlled HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Shared Mechanisms Govern HIV Transcriptional Suppression in Circulating CD103Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Mechanistic differences underlying HIV latency in the gut and blood contribute to differential responses to latency-reversing agents.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Intestinal CD4 Depletion in HIV / SIV Infection.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- HIV Disease Progression: Overexpression of the Ectoenzyme CD38 as a Contributory Factor?BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2019Review
- Gut and blood differ in constitutive blocks to HIV transcription, suggesting tissue-specific differences in the mechanisms that govern HIV latency.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Differentiating Immune Cell Targets in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue for HIV Cure.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Review
- Latent HIV-1 TAR Regulates 7SK-responsive P-TEFb Target Genes and Targets Cellular Immune Responses in the Absence of Tat.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2017Article
- A spatio-temporal assessment of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) evolution reveals a highly dynamic process within the host.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gastrointestinal T lymphocytes are critical for mucosal immunity and HIV pathogenesis, yet little is known about normal T cell numbers and phenotypes in different regions of the gut, or the degree to which ART can restore levels to those of HIV-uninfected individuals. To investigate these questions, we measured T cell frequencies and markers of memory, activation, anergy, and homing in the blood, ileum, and rectum of HIV- and ART-suppressed HIV+ adults. In HIV- individuals, T cell frequencies and phenotypes differed significantly between sites. Compared to HIV- adults, HIV+ adults had lower absolute CD4+T cell counts in the ileal lamina propria and lower relative CD4+T cell counts in the blood and ileum. In the gut, HIV+ adults had a higher proportion of CD38+ CD4+T cells, a lower proportion of terminally-differentiated effector cells, and, in the rectum, a higher proportion of CTLA-4+ CD4+T cells. In HIV+ individuals, relative CD4+T cell numbers in the ileum correlated with the proportion of CTLA-4+ CD4+T cells, whereas in the rectum, they tended to correlate with the proportion of circulating CD4+T cells expressing α4β7 or CCR6. Mechanisms of T cell reconstitution may differ throughout the gut, with homing contributing more in the rectum while ileal reconstitution is associated with mucosal CD4+T cell anergy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.