ArticleBioMed research international2015
Direct effects of (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 on the respiration of rat heart mitochondria.
Article in BioMed research international, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Response of VOPhysiological reports · 2025Pooled it
- Cocoa-flavanols enhance moderate-intensity pulmonaryEuropean journal of applied physiology · 2021Trial
- (-)-Epicatechin accelerates muscle repair and promotes hypertrophy in type 2 fibers of BaCl2-damaged gastrocnemius in CD1 mice.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- The application of procyanidins in diabetes and its complications: a review of preclinical studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids in the Management of Cancer.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Catechins and Proanthocyanidins Involvement in Metabolic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Procyanidin B2 Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Regulating Hippo/Rho/PI3K/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Secondary Metabolites with Biomedical Applications from Plants of the Sarraceniaceae Family.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Flavanol-Rich Cocoa Supplementation Inhibits Mitochondrial Biogenesis Triggered by Exercise.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- (-)-Epicatechin Improves Vasoreactivity and Mitochondrial Respiration in Thermoneutral-Housed Wistar Rat Vasculature.Nutrients · 2022Article
- (-)-Epicatechin Alters Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Production Independent of Mitochondrial Respiration in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- New Properties and Mitochondrial Targets of Polyphenol Agrimoniin as a Natural Anticancer and Preventive Agent.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Regulation of CytochromeCells · 2021Review
- Article
- Proanthocyanidins Ameliorated Deficits of Lipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Via Inhibiting Adipogenesis and Improving Mitochondrial Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents.Nutrients · 2020Review
- (-)-Epicatechin Modulates Mitochondrial Redox in Vascular Cell Models of Oxidative Stress.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Article
- A Boost in Mitochondrial Activity Underpins the Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Annurca Apple Polyphenols on Hepatic Cells.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Achacha (Nutrients · 2018Article
- Annurca Apple Polyphenols Ignite Keratin Production in Hair Follicles by Inhibiting the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Amino Acid Oxidation.Nutrients · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Flavonol (-)-epicatechin and its derived dimer procyanidin B2, present in high amounts in cocoa products, have been shown to exert beneficial effects on the heart and cardiovascular system; however, their mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. We studied effects of (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 on the oxidative phosphorylation of isolated rat heart mitochondria. (-)-Epicatechin and procyanidin B2 had stimulating effect (up to 30% compared to control) on substrate-driven (State 2) mitochondrial respiration. Their effect was dependent on the respiratory substrates used. (-)-Epicatechin at higher concentrations (from 0.27 µg/mL) significantly decreased (up to 15%) substrate- and ADP-driven (State 3) mitochondrial respiration in case of pyruvate and malate oxidation only. Procyanidin B2 (0.7-17.9 ng/mL) inhibited State 3 respiration rate up to 19%, the most profound effect being expressed with succinate as the substrate. (-)-Epicatechin at concentrations of 0.23 µg/mL and 0.46 µg/mL prevented loss of the cytochrome c from mitochondria when substrate was succinate, supporting the evidence of membrane stabilizing properties of this flavonol. Thus, both (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 directly influenced mitochondrial functions and the observed effects could help to explain cardiometabolic risk reduction ascribed to the consumption of modest amounts of cocoa products.
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