ArticleRetrovirology2015
Integrase inhibitor reversal dynamics indicate unintegrated HIV-1 dna initiate de novo integration.
Article in Retrovirology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment with integrase inhibitor suggests a new interpretation of HIV RNA decay curves that reveals a subset of cells with slow integration.PLoS pathogens · 2017Trial
- Effect of TAR hairpin stabilization on HIV-1 reverse transcription.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- HIV capsids: orchestrators of innate immune evasion, pathogenesis and pandemicity.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Article
- 5-Nitro-3-(2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)indolin-2-one derivatives inhibit HIV-1 replication by a multitarget mechanism of action.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Review
- Mutations in the 3'-PPT Lead to HIV-1 Replication without Integration.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Multimodal Functionalities of HIV-1 Integrase.Viruses · 2022Review
- Measuring the subcellular compartmentalization of viral infections by protein complementation assay.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- A comparative analysis of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA measurement as a potential biomarker of the cellular reservoir in the blood of patients controlling and non-controlling viral replication.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Immune Control of HIV.Journal of life sciences (Westlake Village, Calif.) · 2019Article
- Two-long terminal repeat (LTR) DNA circles are a substrate for HIV-1 integrase.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
- Dynamics of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Two-Long-Terminal-Repeat Circles in the Presence and Absence of CD8Journal of virology · 2018Article
- The Effects of Statistical Multiplicity of Infection on Virus Quantification and Infectivity Assays.Biophysical journal · 2018Article
- Episomal HIV-1 DNA and its relationship to other markers of HIV-1 persistence.Retrovirology · 2018Review
- HIV 2-LTR experiment design optimization.PloS one · 2018Article
- Article
- Article
- Underlying mechanisms of HIV-1 latency.Virus genes · 2017Review
- Distribution and fate of HIV-1 unintegrated DNA species: a comprehensive update.AIDS research and therapy · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGenomic integration, an obligate step in the HIV-1 replication cycle, is blocked by the integrase inhibitor raltegravir. A consequence is an excess of unintegrated viral DNA genomes, which undergo intramolecular ligation and accumulate as 2-LTR circles. These circularized genomes are also reliably observed in vivo in the absence of antiviral therapy and they persist in non-dividing cells. However, they have long been considered as dead-end products that are not precursors to integration and further viral propagation.
resultsHere, we show that raltegravir action is reversible and that unintegrated viral DNA is integrated in the host cell genome after raltegravir removal leading to HIV-1 replication. Using quantitative PCR approach, we analyzed the consequences of reversing prolonged raltegravir-induced integration blocks. We observed, after RAL removal, a decrease of 2-LTR circles and a transient increase of linear DNA that is subsequently integrated in the host cell genome and fuel new cycles of viral replication.
conclusionsOur data highly suggest that 2-LTR circles can be used as a reserve supply of genomes for proviral integration highlighting their potential role in the overall HIV-1 replication cycle.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.