ArticleEarly intervention in psychiatry2017
Influence of early trauma on features of schizophrenia.
Article in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting the link between childhood adversity and stress-sensitive brain regions in psychosis and bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Brain structure and function in adult survivors of developmental trauma with psychosis: A systematic review.Psychological medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Specific Childhood Adversities and Symptom Dimensions in People With Psychosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2021Pooled it
- Traumatic Events, Social Adversity and Discrimination as Risk Factors for Psychosis - An Umbrella Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Childhood Trauma and Neurocognition in Adults With Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2019Pooled it
- Dynamic frontoparietal flexibility and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia: disentangling the roles of symptom burden and childhood trauma.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Independent effects of early life adversity on social cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- The association of childhood trauma with depressive and negative symptoms in recent onset psychosis: a sex-specific analysis.Psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Environmental Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes in Psychosis: Pre-, Perinatal, and Early Life Adversity.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Association of childhood trauma with cognitive domains in adult patients with mental disorders and in non-clinical populations: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
- Elder's life course theory and person-centered research: A lens for conducting ethical nursing research and mental health nursing practice with older adults aging with the diagnosis of schizophrenia.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2022Article
- Early trauma and schizophrenia onset: preliminary results of an outpatient cohort in Brazil.Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy · 2022Article
- Concentrations of Salivary Cortisol in Victims of Intimate Partner Violence According to the CIRCORT Database.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The relationship between cortisol reactivity and emotional brain function is differently moderated by childhood trauma, in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and healthy individuals.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2021Article
- Exploring the Interplay Between Adversity, Neurocognition, Social Cognition, and Functional Outcome in People With Psychosis: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
- Childhood maltreatment and social functioning in psychotic disorders: a systematic review protocol.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2021Article
- Does childhood trauma influence cognitive functioning in schizophrenia? The association of childhood trauma and cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2020Article
- Insights on current and novel antipsychotic mechanisms from the MAM model of schizophrenia.Neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- Dysregulation of Midbrain Dopamine System and the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimThis proof-of-concept study examined if early trauma influences features of schizophrenia, consistent with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation.
methodsEarly trauma and current perceived stress were assessed in 28 treated schizophrenia cases, along with salivary cortisol, brain volumes, cognition and symptoms.
resultsEarly trauma predicted more positive (r = .66, P = .005) and dysthymia symptoms (r -.65, P = .007), but less negative symptoms (r = -.56, P = .023), as well as reduced whole brain volumes (r = .50, P = .040) and increased amygdala to whole brain volume ratios (r = .56, P = .018). Larger volume reductions accompanied cortisol levels: evening values predicted smaller whole brain and hippocampal volumes whereas afternoon levels only significantly predicted smaller brain volumes in women. Sex differences were demonstrated between early trauma and cognition, with better cognition in traumatized women than other women and no male effects. Current perceived stress was related to dysthymia (especially in women) and diminished sense of purpose and social drive (especially in men).
conclusionsThese results suggest that early trauma and current stress impact features of schizophrenia, consistent with stress sensitization and increased dopamine activity for treatment refractory positive symptoms, as well as the cascade of increased morning cortisol, reduced brain volumes, and depressive and deficit symptoms. Conversely, cognitive deficits and negative symptoms may arise from a distinct diathesis. The sex differences accord with the literature on human HPA function and stress responses. Early trauma may be a stressor in the aetiopathophysiology of schizophrenia, particularly for cases with treatment refractory positive symptoms, and may guide future treatment development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.