Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25806687›Full record

ArticleeLife2015

Non-crossover gene conversions show strong GC bias and unexpected clustering in humans.

Amy L Williams, Giulio Genovese, Thomas Dyer, Nicolas Altemose, Katherine Truax, Goo Jun, Nick Patterson, Simon R Myers, Joanne E Curran, Ravi Duggirala and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Meiosis-specific genes play roles in ploidy reduction inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Meiosis-specific genes play roles in ploidy reduction inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Amy L WilliamsDepartment of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, United States.
Giulio GenoveseProgram in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States.
Thomas DyerDepartment of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States.
Nicolas AltemoseWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Katherine TruaxDepartment of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States.
Goo JunDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States.
Nick PattersonProgram in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States.
Simon R MyersWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Joanne E CurranDepartment of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States.
Ravi DuggiralaDepartment of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States.
John BlangeroDepartment of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States.
David ReichProgram in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States.
Molly PrzeworskiDepartment of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, United States.
T2D-GENES Consortium
Texas Biomedical Research Institute · USBroad Institute · USCentre for Human Genetics · GBColumbia University · USHarvard University · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Multiethnic Study of Type 2 Diabetes GenesU01DK085526 · NIDDK · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI ALTSHULER, DAVID, JABLONSKI, KATHLEEN ANN · 2009 to 2014
$15.7M
Discovery of Functional Variants in Type 2 Diabetes Genes in Mexican AmericansU01DK085524 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS RIO GRANDE VALLEY · PI BLANGERO, JOHN, DEFRONZO, RALPH A · 2009 to 2019
$5.9M
Recombination rate variation and evolution in vertebratesR01GM083098 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI PRZEWORSKI, MOLLY F · 2007 to 2024
$4.6M
Identifying T2D Variants by DNA Sequencing in Multiethnic SamplesU01DK085584 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ABECASIS, GONCALO, BOEHNKE, MICHAEL L · 2009 to 2013
$4.1M
Identifying variants causal for Type 2 Diabetes in Major human populationsU01DK085545 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD · PI CHAN, JULIANA CN, EBRAHIM, SHAH BRIAN · 2009 to 2013
$2.8M
Identification and Replication of Type 2 Diabetes Genes in Mexican AmericansU01DK085501 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI HANIS, CRAIG L · 2009 to 2013
$2.7M
Population mixture in evolutionary and medical geneticsR01GM100233 · NIGMS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI PATTERSON, NICK J, REICH, DAVID E · 2012 to 2019
$2.7M
Population genetics to improve homozygosity mapping and mapping in admixed groupsF32HG005944 · NHGRI · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI WILLIAMS, AMY LYNNE · 2010 to 2012
$146k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHGRI NIH HHS F32 HG005944NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085501NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085524NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085526NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085545NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085584NIGMS NIH HHS GM83098NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM083098NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM100233
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although the past decade has seen tremendous progress in our understanding of fine-scale recombination, little is known about non-crossover (NCO) gene conversion. We report the first genome-wide study of NCO events in humans. Using SNP array data from 98 meioses, we identified 103 sites affected by NCO, of which 50/52 were confirmed in sequence data. Overlap with double strand break (DSB) hotspots indicates that most of the events are likely of meiotic origin. We estimate that a site is involved in a NCO at a rate of 5.9 × 10(-6)/bp/generation, consistent with sperm-typing studies, and infer that tract lengths span at least an order of magnitude. Observed NCO events show strong allelic bias at heterozygous AT/GC SNPs, with 68% (58-78%) transmitting GC alleles (p = 5 × 10(-4)). Strikingly, in 4 of 15 regions with resequencing data, multiple disjoint NCO tracts cluster in close proximity (∼20-30 kb), a phenomenon not previously seen in mammals.

Indexed as

Crossing Over, GeneticGene ConversionAllelesBase CompositionBase SequenceCluster AnalysisFemaleHumansMalePedigreePolymorphism, Single Nucleotidechromosomescomplex crossoverevolutionary biologyGC-biasgene conversiongenesgenomicshaplotypeshumannon-crossoverrecombination

Identifiers

PMID25806687
PMCPMC4404656
OpenAlexW2162189733

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.