ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2015
Itraconazole can inhibit malignant pleural effusion by suppressing lymphangiogenesis in mice.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Non-oncologic to oncologic drug: A systematic review of drug repurposing in cancer.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of itraconazole on the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer receiving platinum-based chemotherapy: a randomized controlled study.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2021Trial
- Repurposing Non-oncologic Drugs via Targeted Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Synergistic Combinations, and Clinical Translation.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Advances in lymphatic metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Repurposing antifungal drugs for cancer therapy.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
- Lymphatic metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer: recent discoveries and novel therapeutic targets.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2022Article
- Repurposing Itraconazole and Hydroxychloroquine to Target Lysosomal Homeostasis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.Cancer research communications · 2022Article
- Auricular erythermalgia showing excellent response to itraconazole: a case report.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2022Article
- Enhancing theDrug delivery · 2021Article
- Role of lymphatic endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment-a narrative review of recent advances.Translational lung cancer research · 2021Review
- Repurposing itraconazole for the treatment of cancer.Oncology letters · 2017Article
- Repurposing itraconazole as an anticancer agent.Oncology letters · 2017Article
- Effect of itraconazole on the cornea in a murine suture model and penetrating keratoplasty model.International journal of ophthalmology · 2017Article
- A modified experimental model of malignant pleural disease induced by lung Lewis carcinoma (LLC) cells.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe presence of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) indicates a poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Itraconazole has been identified as a potent inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation that suppresses angiogenesis; however, its role in the suppression of lymphangiogenesis is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of itraconazole for MPE and the mechanism of lymphangiogenesis suppression.
methodsLewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells were injected into the mouse pleural cavity to establish the MPE mouse model, followed by randomization of the mice into three groups. Each mice was injected with either a high dose of itraconazole (25 mg/kg, H-ITCZ), a low dose of itraconazole (8 mg/kg, L-ITCZ), or 50 μL of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (130 mg/mL, H-β-C) into the pleural cavity four times every 3 days. The MPE of the mice was collected and measured with a 1 mL syringe. The vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) expression level in the MPE was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the VEGF-C expression and lymphatic micro vessel density (LMVD) in the tumor tissue was observed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining.
resultsThe number of pleural tumor foci, the volume of pleural effusion, the LMVD and the VEGF-C expression levels in the tumor tissue were significantly reduced in the H-ITCZ-treated group.
conclusionsOur results revealed that itraconazole may play an important role in the MPE mice by suppressing lymphangiogenesis, which demonstrated the usefulness of itraconazole in the treatment of MPE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.