ArticlePloS one2015
Multi-generational drinking of bottled low mineral water impairs bone quality in female rats.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-Term Consumption of Purified Water Altered Amino Acid, Fatty Acid and Energy Metabolism in Livers of Rats.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Health Impact of Drinking Water Quality on the Occurrence of Osteoporosis in Gaza Strip, Palestine.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2023Article
- Consumption of very low-mineral water may threaten cardiovascular health by increasing homocysteine in children.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Mineral-rich water consumption as a non-pharmacological intervention for early menopausal bone mineral density preservation and reduction of long-term fracture risk: comment on Billington et al. Osteoporos Int. 2021;32(7):1313-20.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2022Article
- Drinking Natural Mineral Water Maintains Bone Health in Young Rats With Metabolic Acidosis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBecause of reproductions and hormone changes, females are more sensitive to bone mineral loss during their lifetime. Bottled water has become more popular in recent years, and a large number of products are low mineral water. However, research on the effects of drinking bottled low mineral water on bone health is sparse.
objectiveTo elucidate the skeletal effects of multi-generational bottled water drinking in female rats.
methodsRats continuously drank tap water (TW), bottled natural water (bNW), bottled mineralized water (bMW), or bottled purified water (bPW) for three generations.
resultsThe maximum deflection, elastic deflection, and ultimate strain of the femoral diaphysis in the bNW, bMW, and bPW groups and the fracture strain in the bNW and bMW groups were significantly decreased. The tibiae calcium levels in both the bNW and bPW groups were significantly lower than that in the TW group. The tibiae and teeth magnesium levels in both the bNW and bPW groups were significantly lower than those in the TW group. The collagen turnover markers PICP (in both bNW and bPW groups) were significantly lower than that in the TW group. In all three low mineral water groups, the 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D levels were significantly lower than those in the TW group.
conclusionLong-term drinking of low mineral water may disturb bone metabolism and biochemical properties and therefore weaken biomechanical bone properties in females. Drinking tap water, which contains adequate minerals, was found to be better for bone health. To our knowledge, this is the first report on drinking bottled low mineral water and female bone quality on three generation model.
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