ArticlePloS one2015
Streptococcus pneumoniae induces autophagy through the inhibition of the PI3K-I/Akt/mTOR pathway and ROS hypergeneration in A549 cells.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- The PI3K/Akt Pathway in Herpesvirus Biology: A Double-Edged Sword in Host-Virus Interactions.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- The role and significance of the PI3K/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in infectious diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Montelukast treatsMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Goblet cell breakdown: transcriptomics reveals Acinetobacter baumannii early and robust inflammatory response in differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
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- Research progress on morphology and mechanism of programmed cell death.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Pneumococcal hydrogen peroxide regulates host cell kinase activity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- IntracellularFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- The oxidative stress response ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Host Cell Oxidative Stress Promotes Intracellular Fluoroquinolone Persisters of Streptococcus pneumoniae.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Akt Inhibition Promotes Autophagy and Clearance of Group BPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- LC3-Associated Phagocytosis in Bacterial Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Streptococcus pneumoniae exerts oxidative stress, subverts antioxidant signaling and autophagy in human corneal epithelial cells that is alleviated by tert-Butylhydroquinone.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2022Article
- TBK1's Role in Bacterial Pneumonia: Perhaps More than Macrophages and IFNs.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Differential Ubiquitination as an Effective Strategy Employed by the Blood-Brain Barrier for Prevention of Bacterial Transcytosis.Journal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- The Yin and Yang of Pneumolysin During Pneumococcal Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- The Potential Roles of Dec1 and Dec2 in Periodontal Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Loss of Dec1 prevents autophagy in inflamed periodontal ligament fibroblast.Molecular biology reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present study focused on the action mechanism of S. pneumoniae (Sp) in inducing autophagy in human alveolar epithelial cells. Sp, a gram-positive extracellular bacterium, activates autophagy with considerably increased microtuble-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) punctation in A549 cells. The accumulation of typical autophagosomes and conjugation of LC3 to phosphatidylethanolamine were observed in Sp-infected cells as an indication of autophagy. Using the pneumolysin (PLY) mutant, we successfully demonstrated that PLY is involved in initiating autophagy without affecting the expression levels of PI3K-III and Beclin1. PLY-mediated autophagy depends on the inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway. Furthermore, Sp could also lead to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) hypergeneration in A549 cells. Taken together, Sp infection-induced autophagy is PLY-mediated through ROS hypergeneration and mTOR inhibition. PI3K-I and rapamycin (autophagy inducers) enhanced bacterial clearance, whereas wortmannin (autophagy inhibitor) and acetylcysteine (ROS inhibitor) reduced intracellular bacteria clearance. Thus, Sp-induced autophagy represents a host-protective mechanism, providing new insight into the pathogenesis of respiratory tract Sp infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.