ArticleMolecular nutrition & food research2015
Flavonoid metabolites reduce tumor necrosis factor-α secretion to a greater extent than their precursor compounds in human THP-1 monocytes.
Article in Molecular nutrition & food research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of berry-based supplements and foods on cognitive function: a systematic review.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Increased Plasma Levels of Gut-Derived Phenolics Linked to Walking and Running Following Two Weeks of Flavonoid Supplementation.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Postprandial Inflammatory Responses and Free Fatty Acids in Plasma of Adults Who Consumed a Moderately High-Fat Breakfast with and without Blueberry Powder in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2016Trial
- Therapeutic Potential of Holothuria leucospilota Extract in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats: Targeting Inflammation and Apoptosis at the Gene Expression Level.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Article
- Biosynthesis and bioactivity of anti-inflammatory triterpenoids in Calendula officinalis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Effects of Phenolic Acids Produced from Food-Derived Flavonoids and Amino Acids by the Gut Microbiota on Health and Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Anthocyanin-Rich Berry Extracts Affect SN-38-Induced Response: A Comparison of Non-Tumorigenic HCEC-1CT and HCT116 Colon Carcinoma Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Dietary (poly)phenols mitigate inflammatory bowel disease: Therapeutic targets, mechanisms of action, and clinical observations.Current research in food science · 2023Review
- The phytoactive constituents ofFood chemistry. Molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Protective Effect of Bilberry Anthocyanin Extracts on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Intestinal Damage inNutrients · 2022Article
- Phytochemicals, Pharmacological Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Mulberry.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Microbial Flavonoid Metabolism: A Cardiometabolic Disease Perspective.Annual review of nutrition · 2021Article
- Immunomodulatory Properties of Blackberry Anthocyanins in THP-1 Derived Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Synergistic Action of Membrane-Bound and Water-Soluble Antioxidants in Neuroprotection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Dietary Flavonoids: Cardioprotective Potential with Antioxidant Effects and Their Pharmacokinetic, Toxicological and Therapeutic Concerns.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Going "Green" in the Prevention and Management of Atherothrombotic Diseases: The Role of Dietary Polyphenols.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Microscopic and biochemical changes on liver and kidney of Wistar rats on combination antiretroviral therapy: the impact of naringenin and quercetin.Toxicology research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
scopeFlavonoids are generally studied in vitro, in isolation, and as unmetabolized precursor structures. However, in the habitual diet, multiple flavonoids are consumed together and found present in the circulation as complex mixtures of metabolites. Using a unique study design, we investigated the potential for singular or additive anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoid metabolites relative to their precursor structures. METHODS AND
resultsSix flavonoids, 14 flavonoid metabolites, and 29 combinations of flavonoids and their metabolites (0.1-10 μM) were screened for their ability to reduce LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretion in THP-1 monocytes. One micromolar peonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, and the metabolites isovanillic acid (IVA), IVA-glucuronide, vanillic acid-glucuronide, protocatechuic acid-3-sulfate, and benzoic acid-sulfate significantly reduced TNF-α secretion when in isolation, while there was no effect on TNF-α mRNA expression. Four combinations of metabolites that included 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HBA) and/or protocatechuic acid also significantly reduced TNF-α secretion to a greater extent than the precursors or metabolites alone. The effects on LPS-induced IL-1β and IL-10 secretion and mRNA expression were also examined. 4HBA significantly reduced IL-1β secretion but none of the flavonoids or metabolites significantly modified IL-10 secretion.
conclusionThis study provides novel evidence suggesting flavonoid bioactivity results from cumulative or additive effects of circulating metabolites.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.