ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2015
The clinical spectrum of autoimmune congenital heart block.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 292 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) Consensus Statements for the Management of Reproductive Issues in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Pooled it
- British Society for Rheumatology guideline on management of adult and juvenile onset Sjögren disease.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Guideline
- Impact of Sjögren's syndrome on maternal and fetal outcomes following pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between years 2007-2022.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Pooled it
- Maternal and infant outcomes of pregnancy associated with anti-SSA/RO antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2023Pooled it
- Geoepidemiology and clinical characteristics of neonatal lupus erythematosus: a systematic literature review of individual patients’ dataTurkish journal of medical sciences · 2020Pooled it
- EULAR recommendations for women's health and the management of family planning, assisted reproduction, pregnancy and menopause in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and/or antiphospholipid syndrome.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2017Guideline
- Prospective Evaluation of High Titer Autoantibodies and Fetal Home Monitoring in the Detection of Atrioventricular Block Among Anti-SSA/Ro Pregnancies.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Trial
- Hydroxychloroquine to Prevent Recurrent Congenital Heart Block in Fetuses of Anti-SSA/Ro-Positive Mothers.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2020Trial
- Perinatal management and delivery-room stabilization in congenital complete heart block: an 11-year experience at a tertiary center.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Protein biomarkers of inflammation in women with SLE and their newborn children.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Discordant Manifestation of Congenital Heart Block in a Twin Pregnancy: A Case Report.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- [Sjögren's disease and pregnancy].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2026Review
- Reversal of evolving third-degree atrioventricular block in utero by early detection and combination therapy.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2026Article
- Single Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals THBS1+CD14+ Monocyte Modulates Inflammatory Activation via NRLP3-Inflammasome in Congenital Heart Block.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Prenatal Diagnosis of Immune-Mediated Fetal Complete Heart Block Revealing Maternal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Cureus · 2026Article
- Emergency in pediatric rheumatology: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Hope in Miniature: The First Case of Implantation of a "Tiny Pacemaker" in Italy as a Successful Treatment for Congenital Atrioventricular Block in a Low Birth Weight Child.Case reports in cardiology · 2026Article
- Blocking the neonatal Fc receptor as a novel approach to prevent cardiac neonatal lupus: a proof-of-concept study.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2026Article
- Neonatal lupus erythematosus: an acquired autoimmune disease to be taken seriously.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Maternal Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Complicated by Irreversible Fetal Third-Degree Congenital Heart Block: A Case Report From Nepal.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Autoimmune congenital heart block (CHB) is an immune-mediated acquired disease that is associated with the placental transference of maternal antibodies specific for Ro and La autoantigens. The disease develops in a fetal heart without anatomical abnormalities that could otherwise explain the block, and which is usually diagnosed in utero, but also at birth or within the neonatal period. Autoantibody-mediated damage of fetal conduction tissues causes inflammation and fibrosis and leads to blockage of signal conduction at the atrioventricular (AV) node. Irreversible complete AV block is the principal cardiac manifestation of CHB, although some babies might develop other severe cardiac complications, such as endocardial fibroelastosis or valvular insufficiency, even in the absence of cardiac block. In this Review, we discuss the epidemiology, classification and management of women whose pregnancies are affected by autoimmune CHB, with a particular focus on the autoantibodies associated with autoimmune CHB and how we should test for these antibodies and diagnose this disease. Without confirmed effective preventive or therapeutic strategies and further research on the aetiopathogenic mechanisms, autoimmune CHB will remain a severe life-threatening disorder.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.