ArticlePloS one2015
Characterization of trh2 harbouring Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated in Germany.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Strain-level heterogeneity in Vibrio parahaemolyticus limits the predictive value of baseline planktonic gene expression for surface-associated phenotypes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Circumventing the Impossible: Cell-Free Synthesis of Protein Toxins for Medical and Diagnostic Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Prevalence ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Effect of Low NaCl Concentration on Osmotic Stress and Type III Secretion System inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Acquisition of theFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of VeterinaryMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- Genetic and virulence characterisation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from Indian coast.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Mammalian cell-free protein expression promotes the functional characterization of the tripartite non-hemolytic enterotoxin from Bacillus cereus.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Production of G protein-coupled receptors in an insect-based cell-free system.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2017Article
- Correction: Characterization of trh2 Harbouring Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains Isolated in Germany.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVibrio parahaemolyticus is a recognized human enteropathogen. Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) as well as the type III secretion system 2 (T3SS2) are considered as major virulence factors. As tdh positive strains are not detected in coastal waters of Germany, we focused on the characterization of trh positive strains, which were isolated from mussels, seawater and patients in Germany.
resultsTen trh harbouring V. parahaemolyticus strains from Germany were compared to twenty-one trh positive strains from other countries. The complete trh sequences revealed clustering into three different types: trh1 and trh2 genes and a pseudogene Ψtrh. All German isolates possessed alleles of the trh2 gene. MLST analysis indicated a close relationship to Norwegian isolates suggesting that these strains belong to the autochthonous microflora of Northern Europe seawaters. Strains carrying the pseudogene Ψtrh were negative for T3SS2β effector vopC. Transcription of trh and vopC genes was analyzed under different growth conditions. Trh2 gene expression was not altered by bile while trh1 genes were inducible. VopC could be induced by urea in trh2 bearing strains. Most trh1 carrying strains were hemolytic against sheep erythrocytes while all trh2 positive strains did not show any hemolytic activity. TRH variants were synthesized in a prokaryotic cell-free system and their hemolytic activity was analyzed. TRH1 was active against sheep erythrocytes while TRH2 variants were not active at all.
conclusionOur study reveals a high diversity among trh positive V. parahaemolyticus strains. The function of TRH2 hemolysins and the role of the pseudogene Ψtrh as pathogenicity factors are questionable. To assess the pathogenic potential of V. parahaemolyticus strains a differentiation of trh variants and the detection of T3SS2β components like vopC would improve the V. parahaemolyticus diagnostics and could lead to a refinement of the risk assessment in food analyses and clinical diagnostics.
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